Corydalis varolaydinii Yıldırım (Papaveracae) is described as a new species from Köprüalan, Aydın Province, southern Anatolia, Turkey. Diagnostic characters and a full description are provided. Based on morphological features, it belongs to Corydalis sect. Corydalis subsect. Corydalis series Helicosyne. It resembles C. caucasica subsp. caucasica, C. caucasica subsp. abantensis, C. integra and C. paschei, but differs from them in several morphological characteristics, such as its light to whitish to light pinkish corolla, emarginate lower petal, absence of calyx, clear green leaves, mostly undivided leaflets, always entire bracts, shorter pedicel and number of seeds. The new species' conservation status is Critically Endangered (CR) [B2ab (iii,v)].