The taxonomic placement of 11 species belonging to the genus AcanthoscurriaAusserer, 1871 and one species from the genus Eupalaestrus Pocock, 1901 are re-examined. Acanthoscurria convexa (C. L. Koch, 1842) is regarded as nomen dubium because there is no holotype specimen, the original description is poor, and there are no type location data. Acanthoscurria cordubensisThorell, 1894 is redescribed and regarded as the senior synonym of Acanthoscurria suinaPocock, 1903syn. nov., Acanthoscurria borealisSchmidt & Peters, 2005syn. nov., and Acanthoscurria bolleiSchmidt, 2005syn. nov., based on similar geography, and morphology of the spermathecae, male bulb, and leg I and palpal tibial apophyses. Acanthoscurria proxima (Mello-Leitão, 1923) is regarded as nomen dubium because identification cannot be reliably determined between the two species found in the area. Acanthoscurria maga Simon, 1892 is regarded as the senior synonym of Acanthoscurria antillensisPocock, 1903syn. nov., based on similar morphology of the male bulb, and leg I and palpal tibial apophyses, and is redescribed along with the female. Acanthoscurria minorAusserer, 1871 is regarded as nomen dubium because the type specimen is lost, along with a poor description and illustration. Acanthoscurria musculosa Simon, 1892 is also redescribed and regarded as the senior synonym of Acanthoscurria sternalisPocock, 1903syn. nov., and Acanthoscurria hirsutissimasterniSchmidt, 2007syn. nov., based on similar geography, and morphology of the spermathecae, male bulb, and leg I and palpal tibial apophyses. The distribution of Acanthoscurria simoensiVol, 2000 is extended into Guyana. Eupalaestrus guyanus (Simon, 1892) is regarded as a junior synonym of Eupalaestrus campestratus (Simon, 1891) syn. nov., based on morphology of the bulb, leg I and palpal tibial apophyses.