A new pseudoscorpion species of the genus Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 is described from a limestone cave of the Bambuí geomorphological group in southeast Brazil. This new species is only known from a single cave in a karst region with more than two hundred caves. It may be threatened by pasture, gas extraction, large scale exotic Eucalyptus plantations, and small hydroelectric power plants. The new species should be classified as critically endangered (CR). However, this species is regarded as data deficient data (DD), to fit on the different criteria of the IUCN Red List. That indicates the need for more studies on the Presidente Olegário area due to the occurrence of this new species and other specialized subterranean fauna.