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8 February 2016 Comparative Effectiveness of Two Oil Adjuvant–Inactivated Avian Influenza H9N2 Vaccines
Walid H. Kilany, Abdel-Hamid I. Bazid, Ahmed Ali, Ayman H. El-Deeb, Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen, Magdy El Sayed, Magdy F. El-Kady
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Abstract

Low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 virus infection has been an important risk to the Egyptian poultry industry since 2011. Economic losses have occurred from early infection and co-infection with other pathogens. Therefore, H9N2 vaccination of broiler chicks as young as 7 days old was recommended. The current inactivated H9N2 vaccines (0.5 ml/bird) administered at a reduced dose (0.25 ml/bird) do not guarantee the delivery of an effective dose for broilers. In this study, the efficacy of the reduced-dose volume (0.3 ml/bird), compared with the regular vaccine dose (0.5 ml/bird) of inactivated H9N2 vaccines using two different commercially available adjuvants, was investigated. The vaccines were prepared from the local H9N2 virus (Ck/EG/114940v/NLQP/11) using the same antigen content: 300 hemagglutinating units. Postvaccination (PV) immune response was monitored using the hemagglutination inhibition test. At 4 wk PV, both vaccinated groups were challenged using the homologous H9N2 strain at a 50% egg infective dose (EID50) of 106 EID50/bird via the intranasal route. Clinical signs, mortality, and virus shedding in oropharyngeal swabs were monitored at 2, 4, 6, and 10 days postchallenge (DPC). The reduced-dose volume of vaccine induced a significantly faster and higher immune response than the regular volume of vaccine at 2 and 3 wk PV. No significant difference in virus shedding between the two vaccine formulas was found (P ≥ 0.05), and both vaccines were able to stop virus shedding by 6 DPC. The reduced-dose volume of vaccine using a suitable oil adjuvant and proper antigen content can be used effectively for early immunization of broiler chicks.

© 2016 American Association of Avian Pathologists
Walid H. Kilany, Abdel-Hamid I. Bazid, Ahmed Ali, Ayman H. El-Deeb, Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen, Magdy El Sayed, and Magdy F. El-Kady "Comparative Effectiveness of Two Oil Adjuvant–Inactivated Avian Influenza H9N2 Vaccines," Avian Diseases 60(1s), 226-231, (8 February 2016). https://doi.org/10.1637/11145-050815-Reg
Received: 13 May 2015; Accepted: 1 February 2016; Published: 8 February 2016
KEYWORDS
AIV
inactivated vaccine
LPAI H9N2
SPF chickens
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