A new species of water scorpion, Ranatra schuhi, is described from the Shan Plateau of upper Burma. This new species is member of the Ranatra gracilis species group, but can be easily separated from previously described members of that group by the distinctive structure of the male paramere. Illustrations are provided of key characters diagnostic for R. schuhi, including the structures of the head, respiratory siphon, male forelegs and genitalia. A revised key to the species of the Ranatra gracilis group is provided, as well as additional Burmese records for Ranatra lansburyi Chen, Nieser and Ho, Ranatra libera Zettel, and Ranatra varipes Stål. The previously undescribed male of Ranatra distanti Montandon is described based on material from the Andaman Islands, and the structure of the male paramere illustrated.