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1 August 2006 CONFOUNDING ASYMMETRIES IN EVOLUTIONARY DIVERSIFICATION AND CHARACTER CHANGE
Wayne P. Maddison
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Abstract

Studies of character evolution often assume that a phylogeny's shape is determined independently of the characters, which then evolve as mere passengers along the tree's branches. However, if the characters help shape the tree, but this is not considered, biased inferences can result. Simulations of asymmetrical speciation (i.e., one character state conferring a higher rate of speciation than another) result in data that are interpreted to show a higher rate of change toward the diversification-enhancing state, even though the rates to and from this state were in fact equal. Conversely, simulations of asymmetrical character change yield data that could be misinterpreted as showing asymmetrical rates of speciation. Studies of biased diversification and biased character change need to be unified by joint models and estimation methods, although how successfully the two processes can be teased apart remains to be seen.

Wayne P. Maddison "CONFOUNDING ASYMMETRIES IN EVOLUTIONARY DIVERSIFICATION AND CHARACTER CHANGE," Evolution 60(8), 1743-1746, (1 August 2006). https://doi.org/10.1554/05-666.1
Received: 2 December 2005; Accepted: 4 June 2006; Published: 1 August 2006
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KEYWORDS
diversification
evolutionary dead-end
extinction
irreversibility
phylogeny
speciation
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