Huo, S.; Chao, Y.; Dai, G., and Gong, W., 2015. Field test research of inclined large-scale steel pipe pile foundation for offshore wind farms.

Relying on the East Sea Wind Farm project in China, the laterally loaded tests using the unidirectional and single cycle loading test methods were conducted on full-size inclined steel pipe piles filled with concrete. The internal force and deformation of piles, the critical bearing capacity, and lateral soil pressure were obtained from the full-scale test. The results show that the location of the maximal bending moment of pile shaft was at the depth of 2.5~3.5 meters beneath the soil surface level and soil resistance of the pile with a positive inclination angle was more than that with a negative inclination angle. The results also indicated that the p-y curves of all test piles increased linearly when the lateral displacement at pile head was smaller than 20 mm.