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27 December 2021 MCH-Based Semiochemical Repellents for Protecting Engelmann Spruce Trees From Dendroctonus rufipennis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Jackson P. Audley, Christopher J. Fettig, A. Steven Munson, Darren C. Blackford, Leif A. Mortenson, Agenor Mafra-Neto
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Abstract

Spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a lethal pest of spruce trees in North America. Despite decades of research, a semiochemical repellent that consistently and effectively protects spruce trees remains elusive. We evaluated the efficacy of 3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (MCH) in a proprietary, volatile compound release technology (SPLAT) alone and with two adjuvants, Acer kairomone blend (AKB) and acetophenone + green leaf volatiles (PLUS) to protect individually treated Picea engelmannii Parry ex. Engelm. (Pinales: Pinaceae), and Pi. engelmannii within 11.3-m radius of the individually treated trees from colonization and mortality attributed to D. rufipennis in western Wyoming. Ninety-one Pi. engelmannii were baited with frontalin and randomly assigned to one of seven treatments (n = 13): 3.5 g of MCH applied as SPLAT MCH (SPLAT3.5), 3.5AKB, 3.5PLUS, 7 g of MCH applied as SPLAT MCH (SPLAT7), 7AKB, 7PLUS, and baited control (bait only). All repellents except SPLAT3.5 and SPLAT7 significantly reduced colonization of individually treated Pi. engelmannii compared to the baited control. 3.5PLUS, 7AKB, and 7PLUS reduced colonization most effectively, and all repellents significantly reduced mortality of individually treated Pi. engelmannii compared to the baited control. All repellents also significantly reduced colonization and mortality of neighboring Pi. engelmannii.

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Jackson P. Audley, Christopher J. Fettig, A. Steven Munson, Darren C. Blackford, Leif A. Mortenson, and Agenor Mafra-Neto "MCH-Based Semiochemical Repellents for Protecting Engelmann Spruce Trees From Dendroctonus rufipennis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)," Journal of Economic Entomology 115(1), 187-192, (27 December 2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab251
Received: 24 September 2021; Accepted: 27 November 2021; Published: 27 December 2021
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KEYWORDS
3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
Acer kairomone blend
acetophenone
green leaf volatiles
spruce beetle
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