I describe a new species of Anolis formerly referred to as Anolis (or Norops) altae from Monteverde, Costa Rica. The new species differs from Anolis altae by having a small unilobate hemipenis (large and bilobate in A. altae), in male dewlap coloration (male dewlap more or less uniformly reddish-orange in A. altae versus basal portion yellow ocher to orange yellow, distal portion reddish-orange in the new species), and in the mean values of several scalation and morphometric characteristics (e.g., ratio tail length/SVL 1.8–2.2, mean 2.1 in A. altae vs. 1.7–1.9, mean 1.8 in the new species). At this point no characteristics, besides geographic location, are known to separate females of the new species from A. altae.