Astragalus ghanbarianii Maassoumi, Podlech & Zarre and A. nervifolius Maassoumi, Podlech & Zarre, two new species of Astragalus sect. Campylanthus Bunge (Fabaceae) from Iran, are described and illustrated. Because of the considerable changes in the delimitation of this section, a new diagnostic key to its species is presented. Moreover, A. susianus Boissier subsp. sericeus Tietz is reduced to synonymy of A. chalaranthus Boissier & Haussknecht.