Dryopteris liboensis P. S. Wang, X. Y. Wang & Li Bing Zhang, a new species of Dryopteris Adans. (Dryopteridaceae) from southern Guizhou, China, is described and illustrated. Dryopteris liboensis is assigned to Dryopteris subg. Erythrovariae (H. Ito) Fraser-Jenk. on the basis of its stiff and narrow petiole and rachis scales, but the new species is noteworthy within the section because these scales are not bullate. Dryopteris liboensis has stiff, narrowly lanceolate and filiform scales on the petiole and rachis and is therefore considered a member of the D. erythrosora (D. C. Eaton) Kuntze group of Dryopteris sect. Erythrosoriae H. Ito. It is unique among Chinese taxa of Dryopteris sect. Erythrovariae in having leaves 1- or 2-pinnate basally, with zero to three free lobes, and 1-pinnatifid at the blade apex.