This study provides annotated descriptions of six anisopteran species that were either recently recorded from South Korea or that were subject to taxonomic revision since 2000: (i) Details of Boyeria karubei specimens from South Korea are provided for the first time and they are compared with the congeneric B. maclachlani. The name Boyeria jamjari Jung, 2011, is an unavailable name and the same as B. karubei. (ii) Nihonogomphus minor Doi, 1943, is for the first time designated a junior synonym of N. ruptus (Selys, 1858). (iii) Anal appendages of Stylurus annulatus from Korea are compared with those of the Japanese population. (iv) A slight structural difference between Orthetrum internum from Korean Peninsula and Japan is highlighted. (v) New records of Sarasaeschna pryeri from Jeju Island are detailed and its habitat environment and behavioural ecology are described. (vi) Brachydiplax chalybea, a tropical/subtropical immigrant, has successfully colonised Jeju Island, expanding its range to the south-western region of the mainland.