The Genevan entomologist Frédéric Chevrier (1801-1882) was interested in natural history from an early age and amassed an important collection of Coleoptera which he was forced to sell in 1849 because of financial difficulties. After this he led a quiet life near Nyon in the canton of Vaud (Switzerland), where he began collecting Hymenoptera and published seven articles between 1862 and 1872, describing 35 species as new to science. His collection came to the Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève with that of Henri Tournier (1834-1904) in 1904. We present a list of the type specimens of Chevrier's species deposited in the Muséum, along with the current nomenclatural combination and some biographical information.
INTRODUCTION
In 1904 the Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève (MHNG) acquired the insect collection of the Genevan entomologist Henri Tournier (1834-1904) (anonymous, 1905: 79; Löbl, 1996), which included the collection of Frédéric Chevrier (Besuchet, 1975). Chevrier described 35 species of Hymenoptera, many of them now considered junior synonyms, and the type specimens of some of his species are attested to be in the MHNG (Daly, 1983; Dolfuss, 1995). However, most of the type specimens are not marked as such, so a search was made for any of Chevrier's type specimens previously overlooked. The specimens from Chevrier's collection that are or may be types are listed here by family, with the label data and the valid current combination.
The entomological literature contains little information about Frédéric Chevrier (1801-1882). In his history of Genevan entomology, Wuest (1983: 151) devotes one line to him, giving his dates and stating that he published an account of the Chrysididae of the Lake Geneva Basin in 1862. Horn & Kahle (1932: 41) give the dates as 1801-1884 and say his Swiss Hymenoptera went to the MHNG via Tournier, the Coleoptera to Castelnau and Ichneumonidae to Pic. The online biographical database of the Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut ( https://sdei.senckenberg.de/biographies/) repeats the same information. Gilbert (2007) and Darby (2022) also give the date of death as 1884, and the latter notes that there is a collection of his Coleoptera in the Liverpool Museum. Given Chevrier's important contribution to the study of Hymenoptera, not least by inspiring and encouraging Abeille de Perrin to work on the Chrysididae (Abeille de Perrin, 1879: 1), it is surprising that so little accurate information about him is available in the entomological literature. We have therefore sought further information about his life in local publications and the archives of the Bibliothèque de Genève.
FREDERIC CHEVRIER
Frédéric was the ninth and youngest child of Jean-Jacob Chevrier and Jeanne-Suzanne-Claire Chevrier (née Fazy) of Geneva. His mother died when he was only 7, and his father paid special attention to his upbringing. He learned about banking with Hentsch & Cie in Geneva, then worked at the headquarters of Hentsch, Blanc & Cie in Paris (Bader, 1955). It is typical of Geneva's close-knit wealthy community that Chevrier's sister Catherine-Marie-Louise married Charles-Jean-Ernest Hentsch while one of his brothers married into the Melly family.
Interested in natural history from an early age, Chevrier eventually specialised in entomology like his near contemporary André Melly (1802-1851). In 1824 Chevrier made an entomological expedition to Brazil, leaving Le Havre in June 1824 and arriving in Rio de Janeiro in August, then returning from Rio in January 1825 to reach Jersey in April. He also made various entomological excursions in the Alps between 1828 and 1833 with Jean Baptiste Muntzberger (1794-1878), an artist and music teacher, who made him several handcoloured illustrations of Hymenoptera (Bader, 1955). He built a beetle collection while still occupied with business, much like André Melly. Melly himself had one of the largest private Coleoptera collections in the world at that time, building his collection by purchase as well as field work. Melly had a large network of entomological correspondents, lent specimens or hosted specialists, including Schaum, in Liverpool (Schaum, 1852), but only described one species himself (Melly, 1833). He left his collection to the museum in his hometown of Geneva (Löbl, 1996). Chevrier had a similar network, although probably on a smaller scale, including François-Louis Comte de Castelnau (1802-1880), Hippolyte Louis Gory (1800-1852), Giovanni Battista Villa (1810-1887), Charles Nicolas Aubé (1802-1869), Carl Heinrich Boheman (1795-1869), and Carl Johann Schoenherr (1772-1848). Castelnau (as Laporte) and Gory dedicated Anthaxia chevrieri Gory & Laporte, 1839 (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) to the “very zealous entomologist” Chevrier of Geneva. Villa described Scobicia chevrieri (Villa & Villa, 1835) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), and in their list of species in the Villa collection 17 names are ascribed to Chevrier although he did not publish their descriptions. Bohemann described Dieckmanniellus chevrieri (Bohemann, 1845) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), and the series in which he published it (edited by Schoenherr) includes a number of species names ascribed to Chevrier, although these too are unpublished. Aubé described Reichenbachia chevrieri (Aubé, 1844) (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) and stated that part of the type series came from Chevrier of Geneva. Interestingly, in describing another species for which Chevrier has provided material, Aubé explicitly stated that he used Chevrier's collection name for the species (Aubé, 1844: 148), demonstrating that Chevrier attached identification labels to species he had not formally described. Oswald Heer (1809-1883) also used Chevrier's collection names for his species (Heer, 1841), and these type specimens were amongst those purchased by Castelnau (Sharp, 1901).
In 1827 Chevrier married Adrienne-Judith Scherer (1809-?) and moved back to Geneva. They lived in various apartments in the old town and then the Champel neighbourhood before building a house on the route de Florissant in 1844. The 1848 revolution in France deprived him of his income from French real estate and he was forced to economise. In March 1849 he moved to Clémenti (now Clémenty), a farm near Nyon (Vaud) owned by his Hentsch brother-in-law. It was at this time that he sold the collection of beetles now in the Liverpool Museum to the Liverpool Royal Institution, where Melly played an important role in the administration of the natural history collections, to which he contributed generously (Schaum, 1852) and may even have put up the money. It seems likely that the Ichneumonidae mentioned by Horn & Kahle (1932) were also sold at this time, although they cannot have passed directly to Maurice Pic (1866-1957).
It was also at this time that Chevrier started collecting Hymenoptera, writing that “[d]uring the years 1849 to 1854, every day the state of the sky permitted, I travelled around our surroundings in search of Hymenoptera and especially Chrysidids, also making frequent excursions in various directions, and particularly at the foot of the Jura, in an open, sometimes stony, area, which is one of the warmest in our valley, the sun's rays hitting it from morning to evening. I have thus gathered quite a lot of material that can shed some light on the fauna of our country” (Chevrier, 1862: xii-xiii). Rather casually, he adds “[t]he Chrysids appear throughout the summer, that is to say, in our country, from approximately April 20 to the end of September, it seemed to me completely unnecessary to mention the date of my captures” (Chevrier, 1862: xv), and his labels usually lack a date (or precise locality). As well as his own collection he studied specimens in the collection of Henri de Saussure (1829-1905), which included the collection of a former neighbour in Champel, L. Buess, who had collected on Mount Salève, Haute-Savoie (Chevrier, 1862: xiii).
By the time the regime of Napoleon III restored his source of income, Chevrier had grown to like his new, more rural lifestyle, so he built himself a new house, Beau-Lac, in Nyon, where he lived from 1856 (Fig. 1). Here he passed the rest of his days, gardening and studying insects (Bader, 1955). Some of his correspondence with Henri de Saussure is preserved in the archives of the Bibliothèque de Genève (Arch. de Saussure 226, f.282 and Arch. de Saussure 271/ to 271/14, f.14a). The first letter from Chevrier, dated 1854, gives a list of identifications of specimens and suggestions of suitable entomological literature. This was when Saussure was working on his monographic treatment of the Vespoidea (Hymenoptera) and before his expedition to the Antilles and Mexico (Hollier & Hollier, 2013). A letter from 1857 shows that Saussure gave him seeds that he had brought back from Mexico, and had offered him Cuban cigars, which Chevrier declined, saying he preferred milder tobacco from Grandson, a preference also noted by Bader (1955). A letter from 1857 shows that Chevrier borrowed entomological books from Saussure, and that he was a friend of Frédéric Jules Sichel (1802-1868), a specialist of Hymenoptera who collaborated with Saussure in a study of the Scolioidea. From another 1857 letter we learn that Chevrier had also corresponded with Constantin Wesmael (1798-1872) about entomological subjects including the Ichneumonidae. Two letters of 1862 show that Saussure commented on the text of Chevrier's study of the Chrysididae before its publication. The last letter, dated 1874, shows they were still exchanging specimens and advice at that time, although as early as 1856 Chevrier wrote that whilst he would visit Saussure if he was in Geneva travelling so far as Geneva was, for him, like a trip to Paris or London for other people.
Chevrier's only publication on beetles (Chevrier, 1870b) is about the vulnerability of trees to xylophagous species. Interestingly, he refers to himself as an “ex-amateur of beetles”, especially xylophagous ones, strengthening the idea that he got rid of all his beetles before he started collecting insects again in 1849. Chevrier's contributions to the study of Hymenoptera led to a further set of entomologists dedicating species to him. The local entomologists Tournier and Emil Frey-Gessner (1826-1917) described Cleptes ignita chevrieri Frey-Gessner, 1887 (a junior synonym of Cleptes splendidus Fabricius, 1794) (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae), Omalus chevrieri (Tournier, 1877) (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae), Psenulus chevrieri (Tournier, 1889) (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae), Pompilus chevrieri Tournier, 1889 (a junior synonym of Pompilus cinereus Fabricius, 1798) (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) and Ceratina chevrieri Tournier, 1876 [as a replacement name for C. coerulea, a junior synonym of C. cyanea (Kirby, 1802)] (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Abeille de Perrin dedicated Chrysis chevrieri Abeille de Perrin, 1877 to Chevrier, who provided him with the holotype (a junior synonym of C. sybarita Förster, 1853) (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Alexander Mocsáry (1841-1915) described Chrysis chevrieri Mocsáry, 1879 (a junior synonym of C. comparata Lepeletier, 1806) (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Franz Friedrich Kohl (1851-1924) described Nysson chevrieri Kohl, 1879 (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae) and the genus Chevrieria Kohl, 1883 (a junior synonym of Pemphredon Latreille, 1796) (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae). More enigmatic is the case of Apodemus chevrieri (Milne-Edwards, 1868), which is named without an explicit dedication. The specimens were collected in China and Tibet by Père Armand David (1826-1900) and there is apparently no connection to Frédéric Chevrier except that Alphonse Milne-Edwards (1835-1900) was a good friend of Henri de Saussure.
Chevrier died on 8 January 1882, and a death notice appeared in the Journal de Genève on 10 January 1882 in the names of his widow, his daughter and son-in-law, his granddaughter and her husband, and his sister-in-law, announcing his funeral in Nyon.
CHEVRIER TYPE SPECIMENS
Chevrier published seven articles on Hymenoptera between 1862 and 1874, with the description of 35 new species. The collecting data are usually very limited, often only “Environs de Nyon”, and very few dates are given. When no locality is given the assumption is that the specimen is from the Lake Geneva Basin. In some cases, Chevrier states the number and sex of the specimens he had studied. As is usual for the period, the descriptions are based on external morphology, especially colouration, without reference to mouthparts or genitalia. The species in this catalogue are arranged by family and by specific epithet in alphabetical order, with the reference, original generic placement, and verbatim collection data. The data and format of the labels are given, different lines on the same label being separated by /. The current combination follows the catalogue of Ghisbain et al. (2023) for the bees, Rosa (personal information) for the Chrysididae, and Pulawski (2024) for the Sphecidae sensu lato.
Apidae
chalybea Chevrier, 1872: 491-492 [Ceratina]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 3♂, 2♀.
Two specimens: The lectotype designated by Daly (1983) (MHNG-ENTO-0250492) with labels: “Typus” [handwritten]; “Nyon / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “type / chalybaea” [handwritten]; “Ceratina / chalybaea / Chevrier / Lectotype / Howell V. Daly, 1979” [handwritten by Daly]. A possible paralectotype (MHNG-ENTO-0250493) with a label: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten].
Current status: Ceratina chalybea Chevrier, 1872.
coerulea Chevrier, 1872: 490-491 [Ceratina]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 2♂, 4♀.
No type specimens could be identified in the MHNG.
Current status: A junior synonym of Ceratina cyanea (Kirby, 1802).
Chrysididae
coerulescens Chevrier, 1862: 87-89 [Hedychrum]
Type locality: Genève, coll. Saussure. 1 damaged ♀.
No type specimen identified in the MHNG.
Chevrier thought the specimen was Hedychrum caerulescens Lepeletier, 1806, a junior synonym of Pseudomalus violaceus (Scopoli, 1763), but Kimsey & Bohart (1991) consider it to be a valid species description. Chevrier expressed doubt about the true provenance of his specimen and since the type is not identifiable, even the generic placement is uncertain.
Current status: Hedychrum coerulescens Chevrier, 1862 nomen dubium.
dahlbomi Chevrier, 1862: 64-65 [Chrysis]
Type locality: Carrière de gravier abandonnée, Trélex. 2♂, 1♀.
Three specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250494) with labels: “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “type Chevrier / Dahlbomii Chev” [handwritten]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250495) with labels: “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “type Chevrier / Dahlbomii Chev” [handwritten]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250496) with labels: “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “type Chevrier / Dahlbomii Chev” [handwritten].
Current status: A junior synonym of Chrysis analis Spinola, 1808.
gerstaeckeri Chevrier, 1869: 47-48 [Hedychrum]
Type locality: Unspecified. Unspecified number of specimens communicated by Gerstaecker and 11♀.
A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250502) with labels: “Typus” [printed]; “141” [printed]; “14” [printed]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]; “Hedichrum / Gerstaeckeri / mihi” [handwritten by Chevrier]; “LECTOTYPUS / Hedychrum / gerstaeckeri / Chevrier 1869 / des. P. Rosa 2010” [handwritten]. This lectotype designation has not been published.
Current status: Hedychridium gerstaeckeri Chevrier, 1869.
insperata Chevrier, 1870a: 265-266 [Chrysis]
Type locality: Beau-Lac près de Nyon. 1♂.
The holotype (MHNG-ENTO-0250497) with labels: “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “unique / type Chevrier / insperata Ch.” [handwritten]; “HOLOTYPE / Chrysis ♂ / insperata Chevr. / P. Rosa vidit 2022” [handwritten with “P. Rosa vidit 202” printed].
Current status: Chrysis insperata Chevrier, 1870.
jurinei Chevrier, 1862: 95-96 [Holopyga]
Type locality: Unspecified. Unspecified number of ♀.
A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0250503) with labels: “Typus” [printed]; “149” [printed]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]; “Holopyga / Jurinei” [handwritten]; “HOLOTYPE / Holopyga ♂ / jurinei Chevr. / P. Rosa vidit 2022” [handwritten with “P. Rosa vidit 202” printed]. This specimen does not match the generally accepted interpretation of Linsenmaier (1959), and the genus is currently undergoing revision at the University of Mons (Rosa pers. comm.). There is a second specimen (MHNG-ENTO-00082251) placed under this name with labels: “Abeille / type” [handwritten]; “Cn Tournier” [printed], but its status is unclear.
Current status: Holopyga jurinei Chevrier, 1862.
nanum Chevrier, 1870a: 266-268 [Hedychrum]
Type locality: Beau-Lac près de Nyon. 1♂.
No type specimen could be identified in the MHNG. The holotype was sent to Abeille de Perrin (Abeille de Perrin, 1879: 38) and is now in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris. The specimen, with Chevrier's handwritten label, is too damaged to be definitively identified and the name is considered a nomen dubium (Rosa, 2024).
Current status: Hedychridium nanum Chevrier, 1870, nomen dubium.
saussurei Chevrier, 1862: 36-39 [Chrysis]
Type locality: Clémenti près de Nyon. Unspecified number of ♂ and ♀.
A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250498) with labels: “Typus” [printed]; “de Saussurei / Mihi” [handwritten by Chevrier]; “Cn Chevrier” [printed]; “SYNTYPUS ♀ / Chrysis / saussurei Chevrier / P. Rosa vidit 2010” [handwritten by Rosa]; “Chrysis ♀ / gracillima Förster / Det. P. Rosa 2010” [handwritten with “Det. P. Rosa 2010” printed].
Current status: A junior synonym of Chrysis gracillima (Förster, 1853).
sichelii Chevrier, 1862: 97-98 [Holopyga]
Type locality: Unspecified, collection Saussure. 1♀.
No type specimen could be identified in the MHNG collection, although it may be among several specimens from Saussure's collection placed under H. fervida (Fabricius).
Current status: A junior synonym of Holopyga fervida (Fabricius, 1781).
sichelii Chevrier
A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0250504) with labels: “Sichelii Mihi” [handwritten by Chevrier]; “Cn Chevrier” [printed]; “55” [printed]; “22” [printed]; “NO / TYPE / Det. P. Rosa 2010” [handwritten with “Det. P. Rosa 2010” printed]. This specimen is a ♂ of Chrysis bicolor Lepeletier, 1806 and could not have been confused with a species of Holopyga by Chevrier. It appears that Chevrier intended to name this specimen Chrysis sichelii but never published the description, and it is therefore not a type specimen.
splendens Chevrier, 1869: 44-46 [Holopyga]
Type locality: Clémenti touchant Nyon, fin Juin 1867 et 1868. 6♀. Kimsey & Bohart (1991: 231) erroneously state that the types are in Lyon.
Three specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250505) with a label: “Nyon / type / Chevrier” [handwritten]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250506) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “type donné / par M. F. Chevrier” [handwritten]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250507) with a label: “Nyon / type / Chevrier” [handwritten].
Current status: A junior synonym of Holopyga fervida (Fabricius, 1781).
wesmaeli Chevrier, 1862: 110-111 [Elampus]
Type locality: Unspecified. 8♂, 2♀ and 3 unspecified in collection Saussure.
Three specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250499) with a label: “Wesmaeli Mih. / bleu” [handwritten by Chevrier]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250500) with a label: “Chevrier / Collection” [handwritten]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0250501) with a label: “Chevrier / Collection” [handwritten].
Current status: A junior synonym of Philoctetes bidentulus (Lepeletier, 1806).
Crabronidae
distinctus Chevrier, 1870a: 269-270 [Psen]
Type locality: Nyon. 3♀.
Three specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254989) with labels: “type” [printed]; “distinctus. Ch / type Collect / Chevrier.” [handwritten]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255062) with labels: “distinctus / type collect / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “type” [printed]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254990) with labels: “distinctus. Ch / type Collect / Chevrier.” [handwritten]; “type” [printed] is placed under Pemphredon podagricus Chevrier but is probably a syntype of this species.
Current status: A junior synonym of Psenulus laevigatus (Schenk, 1857).
distinguendus Chevrier, 1867a: 22-23 [Nysson]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 23♂, 27♀.
Thirteen specimens. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255534) with a label: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255535) with a label: “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255536) with a label: “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255537) with a label: “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255538) with a label: “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255539) with a label: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255540) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Nyon / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Chevrier type” [handwritten]; “Chevrier videt” [handwritten]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255541) with a label: “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255542) with a label: “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0248667) with labels: “type Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Distinguendus” [handwritten]; “32” [printed]; “Nysson ♀ / dimidiatus Jurine / Gayubo det. 1991” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0248668) with labels: “type Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Nysson ♀ / dimidiatus Jurine / Gayubo det. 1991” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0248669) with labels: “type Chevrier” [handwritten]; “32” [printed]; “Nysson ♀/ dimidiatus Jurine / Gayubo det. 1989” [printed]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0248670) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “Proth. taché” [handwritten]; “Sisting” [handwritten].
Current status: Nysson distinguendus Chevrier, 1867.
eburneus Chevrier, 1870a: 270-272 [Hoplisus]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 1♂, 1♀.
Five specimens. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254929) with a label: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254930) with a label: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254931) with a label: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254932) with a label: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254933) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “Hoplis / pulchela” [handwritten]. Although none of the specimens is labelled as a type it seems likely that the syntypes are present although not identifiable as such.
Current status: Gorytes quinquefasciatus eburneus Chevrier, 1870.
grandis Chevrier, 1872: 508-510 [Tachytes]
Type locality. Environs de Nyon. 1♂.
The holotype (MHNG-ENTO-0255063) with labels: “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]; “Tachytes / grandis / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “type de / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Cn Tournier” [printed].
Current status: A junior synonym of Larra anathema (Rossi, 1790).
lactarius Chevrier, 1867b: 229-231 [Thyreopus]
Type locality: Chaine du Mont Blanc, le long du chemin qui [va] de Nant-bourant, (vallée de St. Gervais) [et] conduit au Col du Bonhomme. 1♂.
The probable holotype (MHNG-ENTO-0255064) with a label: “Collect / CHEVR” [handwritten with “CHEVR” printed].
Current status: A junior synonym of Crabro alpinus Imhoff, 1863.
melancholicus Chevrier, 1868: 394-397 [Oxybelus]
Type locality: Unspecified. Around 70 specimens, including ♂ and ♀.
Forty-one specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254942) with labels: “Nyon / type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “8.” [printed]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectotype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254943) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254944) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]; “♀.var.C” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254945) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Oxybelus / melancholicus” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG | ENTO | 0254946) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]; “Oxybelus / melancholicus” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254947) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Collection CHEVR” [handwritten with “CHEVR” printed]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254948) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]; “Oxybelus / melancholicus” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254949) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254950) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Oxybelus / melancholicus” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254951) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Collection / CHEVR” [handwritten with “CHEVR” printed]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254952) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Collection / CHEVR” [handwritten with “CHEVR” printed]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254953) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Collection / CHEVR” [handwritten with “CHEVR” printed]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254954) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254955) with labels: “Chevr / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254956) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254957) with labels: “Chevr / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254958) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254959) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254960) with labels: “Chevr / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254961) with labels: “Chevr / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254962) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254963) with labels: “Chevrier. / Nyon.” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254964) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Oxybelus / melancholicus” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254965) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]; “Oxybelus / melancholicus” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254966) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]; “Oxybelus / melancholicus” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254967) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “♂. var. b” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254941) with labels: “Nyon / type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. “OXYBELUS vidit Lep / ssp/var. melan / cholicus Chevr ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254972) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254971) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Nyon / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254973) with labels: “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten with “CHEVR” printed]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254974) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Oxybelus / melancholicus” [handwritten]; “Cn Chevrier” [printed]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♂ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254975) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Cn Chevrier” [printed]; “Oxybelus / melancholicus” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♂ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254976) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254977) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Nyon / Chevr” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♂ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254978) with labels: “♂. var. g” [handwritten]; “Chevrier. / Nyon.” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♂ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254979) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Chevrier / Nyon.” [handwritten]: “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♂ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254980) with labels: “Chevr / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254981) with labels: “♂” [printed]; “Chevrier / Nyon.” [handwritten]; “uniglunis bo ! [sic] / ♂” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♂ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254982) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀/ det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254983) with labels: “Collection / CHEVR” [handwritten with “CHEVR” printed]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254984) with labels: “Collect / CHEVR” [handwritten with “CHEVR” printed]; “OXYBELUS / melancholicus / Chevr. ♀ / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. The lectotype designation was never published and these specimens are syntypes.
Current status: A junior synonym of Oxybelus haemorrhoidalis Olivier, 1812.
morosus Chevrier, 1868: 390-391 [Oxybelus]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 3♀.
Two specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254985) with labels: “type / unique de / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “101” [printed]; “OXYBELUS ♀ / dissectus Dahlb / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]; “OXYBELUS ♀ / morosus / Chevr. / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectotype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254986) with labels: “Collect / CHEVR” [handwritten with “CHEVR” printed]; “morosus Chevr. / ♀” [handwritten]; “monachus / Dahlb. ♀” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS ♀ / morosus / Chevr. / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]; “OXYBELUS ♀ / dissectus Dhab. [sic] / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. The lectotype designation was never published and the specimens are syntypes.
Current status: Oxybelus dissectus morosus Chevrier, 1868.
podagricus Chevrier, 1870a: 268 [Pemphredon]
Type locality: Dans la serre de Clémenti près de Nyon. 2♂, 1♀.
Two specimens. The lectotype designated by Dollfuss (1995) (MHNG-ENTO-0254987) with labels: “type” [handwritten]; “Collec / Chevr” [handwritten]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]; “Lectotype / Pemphredon / podagrica / Chevrier / des. Dollfuss 1988” [handwritten]. A paralectotype (MHNG-ENTO-0254988) with labels: “type” [handwritten]; “Collec / Chevr” [handwritten]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]; “Pemphredon / podagrica Chevr. ♂ / det. Dollfuss 1988” [handwritten].
Current status: Pemphredon podagrica Chevrier, 1870.
punctulatus Chevrier, 1870a: 272-274 [Hoplisus]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 5♀.
No type specimens identified in the MHNG.
Current status: A junior synonym and secondary homonym of Psammaecius punctulatus (Vander Linden, 1829).
scutatus Chevrier, 1867b: 231 [Trypoxylon]
Type locality: Environs de Genève. 1 damaged ♀.
The holotype is not in the MHNG and its whereabouts is unknown.
Current status: Trypoxylon scutatum Chevrier, 1867.
strigatus Chevrier, 1870a: 269 [Cemonus]
Type locality: Nyon. 1♂.
Six specimens. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0250508) with labels: “Collec / Chevr” [handwritten]; “♀” [handwritten]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254924) with a label: “Collec / Chevr” / [handwritten]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254925) with labels: “Collec / Chevr” [handwritten]; “♂” [handwritten]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254926) with labels: “Collec / Chevr” [handwritten]; “♂” [printed]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254927) with labels: “Collec / Chevr” [handwritten]; “♂” [handwritten]; “Cn Chevrier.” [printed]. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0254928) with labels: “Nyon” [handwritten]; “Cn de Saussure” [printed]. Any of the ♂ specimens could be the holotype, but none is identifiable as such.
Current status: A junior synonym of Pemphedron lethifer (Shuckard, 1837).
timidus Chevrier, 1868: 399-402 [Oxybelus]
Type locality: Mon potager [Beau-Lac]. 2♂, 2♀.
Two specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254939) with labels: “O” [handwritten]; “♀” [handwritten]; “type / unique de / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Cn Tournier.” [printed]; “timidus Chevr.” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS ♀ / timidus Chevr. / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectotype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMF Verhoeff 197” printed]; “OXYBELUS / 14-notatus Jur / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254940) with labels: “O” [handwritten]; “♂” [handwritten]; “Collection / CHEVR” [handwritten]; “Cn Tournier.” [printed]; “13” [handwritten]; “timidus Chevr = / 14-not. Jurine var” [handwritten]; “14notatus / (timidus)” [handwritten]; “OXYBELUS ♂ / timidus Chevr / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977 / Lectoparatype” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]; “OXYBELUS ♂/ 14 notatus Jur / det. PMFVerhoeff 1977” [handwritten with “OXYBELUS” and “det. PMFVerhoeff 197” printed]. The lectotype designation was never published and these specimens are syntypes.
Current status: A junior synonym of Oxybelus quatuordecimnotatus Jurine, 1807.
variabilis Chevrier, 1867a: 27-28 [Nysson]
Type locality: Nyon. 12♂, 1♀.
Five specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254934) with labels: “♀” [printed]; “Nyon / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / Type” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / videt” [handwritten]; “LECTOTYPUS” [printed]; “S.F. Gayubo des.” [printed]; “Nysson ♂ / variabilis Chev. / Museum Genève.” [handwritten]; “Nysson ♂ / variabilis Chevrier / Gayubo det. 1991” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254935) with labels: “Type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “PARALECTOTYPUS” [printed]; “S.F. Gayubo des.” [printed]; “Nysson ♂ / variabilis Chevr. / Museum Genève.” [handwritten]; “Nysson ♂ / variabilis Chevrier / Gayubo det. 1991” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254936) with labels: “Type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “PARALECTOTYPUS” [printed]; “S.F. Gayubo des.” [printed]; “Nysson ♂ / variabilis Chevrier / Gayubo det. 1991” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254937) with labels: “Type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “PARALECTOTYPUS” [printed]; “S.F. Gayubo des.” [printed]; “Nysson ♂ / variabilis Chevrier / Gayubo det. 1991” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0254938) with labels: “Type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “PARALECTOTYPUS” [printed]; “S.F. Gayubo des.” [printed]; “Nysson ♂ / variabilis Chevr. / Museum Genève.” [handwritten]; “Nysson ♂ / variabilis Chevrier / Gayubo det. 1991” [printed].
Despite the labels, the lectotype designation appears not to have been published and the specimens are syntypes. Current status: Nysson variabilis Chevrier, 1867.
Leucospidae
lepida Chevrier, 1870a: 274-276 [Leucospis]
Type locality: Dans mon potager [Beau-lac]. 6♂, 9♀.
Six specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0222065) with labels: “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Leucospis ♂ / dorsigera F / det. H. Baur 1998” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0222066) with labels: “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Leucospis ♀ / dorsigera F / det. H. Baur 1998” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0222067) with labels: “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Leucospis / lepida” [handwritten]; “Leucospis ♂ / dorsigera F / det. H. Baur 1998” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0222069) with labels: “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Leucospis ♀ / dorsigera F / det. H. Baur 1998” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0222070) with labels: “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Leucospis / lepida” [handwritten]; “Leucospis ♂ / dorsigera F / det. H. Baur 1998” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0222071) with labels: “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Leucospis ♀ / dorsigera F / det. H. Baur 1998” [printed].
Current status: A junior synonym of Leucospis dorsigera Fabricius, 1775.
Megachilidae
albidulum Chevrier, 1872: 495-499 [Anthidium]
Type locality: Près de Begniens. 1♂, 3♀.
Three specimens. A specimen (MHNG-ENTO-0255531) with labels: “P.14 / VII.76” [handwritten]; “Albidulum / Type / vu p. Chevr” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “Anthidium / ♂spec. ? / Chevrier videt.” [handwritten]. If the date given is correct this specimen was collected after the original description and the specimen is not a syntype. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255532) with labels: “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “albidulum” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255533) with labels: “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “albidulum” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed].
Current status: A junior synonym of Anthidium punctatum Latreille, 1809.
angustata Chevrier, 1872: 505-506 [Heriades]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 3♀.
One syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255251) with labels: “Nyon / Vaud” [handwritten]; “type de / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Heriades / angustata” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “Chelostoma / emarginatum ♀ / (NYLANDER 1856) / det. M. Herrmann 2002” [printed with “♀” handwritten]; “Apidae CH / Daten im CSCF” [printed].
Current status: A junior synonym of Chelostoma emarginatum (Nylander, 1856).
casularum Chevrier, 1872: 505 [Heriades]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 3♀.
Four specimens. A possible syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255252) with labels: “Coll. / Chevr” [handwritten]; “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Heriades / casularum” [handwritten]. A possible syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255253) with labels: “Coll. / Chevr” [handwritten]; “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Heriades / casularum” [handwritten]. A possible syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255254) with labels: “Coll. / Chevr” [handwritten]; “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Heriades / casularum” [handwritten]. A possible syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255264) with labels: “Coll. / Chevr” [handwritten]; “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Heriades / casularum” [handwritten]. There are four specimens labelled as types, but only three specimens in the type series according to the original description. Therefore, it is not clear which specimens are real syntypes.
Current status: A junior synonym of Chelostoma rapunculi (Lepeletier, 1841).
decoratum Chevrier, 1872: 492-495 [Anthidium]
Type locality: Sion. 1♂.
The holotype (MHNG-ENTO-0255075) with labels: “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “decoratum” [handwritten]; “Cn Chevrier” [printed]; “Anthidium ♂/ strigatum / (PANZER 1805) [sic] / det. M. Herrmann 2002” [printed with “♂” handwritten]; “Apidae CH / Daten im CSCF” [printed].
Current status: A junior synonym of Anthidiellum strigatum (Panzer, 1804).
intermedia Chevrier, 1872: 506 [Heriades]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. Unspecified number of ♀.
One syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255249) with labels: “Nyon / Vaud” [handwritten]; “type de / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Heriades / intermedia” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “Chelostoma / emarginatum ♀ / (NYLANDER 1856) / det. M. Herrmann 2002” [printed with “♀” handwritten]; “Apidae CH / Daten im CSCF” [printed]. This specimen may have been the only one seen by Chevrier, but because the type series was not specified it must be regarded as a syntype.
Current status: A junior synonym of Chelostoma emarginatum (Nylander, 1856).
mandibularis Chevrier, 1872: 487-489 [Coelioxys]
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 1♂, 3♀.
Three specimens. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255247) with labels: “Nyon / Vaud” [handwritten]; “Type / Chevrier” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “mandibularis / Chevr. ♂” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten]; “Coelioxys / afra ♂ / LEPELETIER 1841 / det. M. Herrmann 2002” [printed with “♂” handwritten]; “Apidae CH / Daten im CSCF” [printed]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255248) with labels: “Nyon / Vaud” [handwritten]; “Type / Chevrier” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “mandibularis / Chevr. ♀” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten]; “Coelioxys / afra ♀ / LEPELETIER 1841 / det. M. Herrmann 2002” [printed with “♂” handwritten]; “Apidae CH / Daten im CSCF” [printed]. A probable syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255250) with labels: “Nyon / Vaud” [handwritten]; “Type / Chevrier” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “mandibularis / ♂ Chevr.” [handwritten]; “Cn Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Coelioxys / afra ♂ / LEPELETIER 1841 / det. M. Herrmann 2002” [printed with “♂” handwritten]; “Apidae CH / Daten im CSCF” [printed]. The original description says that Chevrier only saw one ♂ and so, despite the labels, one of the ♂ specimens is not really a syntype.
Current status: A junior synonym of Coelioxys afra Lepeletier, 1841.
paxillorum Chevrier, 1872: 506-508 [Heriades].
Type locality: Environs de Nyon. 5♂, 2♀.
Seven specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255265) with labels: “Nyon / typ. Chevr.” [handwritten]; “115” [printed]; “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “♂” [printed]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “Stelis / breviuscula ♂ / NYLANDER 1848 / det. M. Herrmann 2002” [printed with “♂” handwritten]; “Apidae CH / Daten im CSCF” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255266) with labels: “Chevrier / Nyon” [handwritten]; “type / Chevr” [handwritten]; “Stelis / breviuscula ♂ / NYLANDER 1848 / det. M. Herrmann 2002” [printed with “♂” handwritten]; “Apidae CH | Daten im CSCF” [printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255267) with labels: “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “♂” [printed]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255268) with labels: “type / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “Heriades / paxillorum” [handwritten]; “♀” [printed]; “♀” [printed]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]. A possible syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255269) with labels: “type / Chevri” [handwritten]; “Nyon / Chevri” [handwritten]; “Heriades / paxillorum” [handwritten]. A possible syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255270) with labels: “type / Chevri” [handwritten]; “Nyon / Chevri” [handwritten]; “Heriades / paxillorum” [handwritten]. A possible syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255271) with labels: “type / Chevri” [handwritten]; “Nyon / Chevri” [handwritten]; “Heriades / paxillorum” [handwritten].
Current status: A junior synonym of Stelis breviuscula (Nylander, 1848).
sexlineatum Chevrier, 1872: 499-501 [Anthidium]
Type locality: Près de Begniens. 1♂, 4♀.
Three specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255072) with labels: “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “sexlineatum” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “Cn Chevrier” [handwritten]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255073) with labels: “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “sexlineatum” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “Cn Chevrier” [printed]. A possible syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255074) with labels: “Nyon / typ. Chevr” [handwritten]; “6-lineatum.” [handwritten]; “Anthidium ♀ / septendentatus [sic] / (LINNAEUS 1758) [sic] / det. M.Herrmann 2002” [printed with “♀” handwritten]; “Apidae CH | Daten im CSCF” [printed]; the locality label does not match the locality given in the original description but was probably added later by Tournier.
Current status: A junior synonym of Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809).
sexmaculatum Chevrier, 1872: 502-505 [Anthidium]
Type locality: Environs de Sion. 1♂, 1♀.
Two specimens. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255245) with labels: “type / Chevrier ♂” [handwritten]; “Collec / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “sexmaculatum” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]. A syntype (MHNG-ENTO-0255246) with labels: “type / Chevrier ♀” [handwritten]; “Collection / Chevrier” [handwritten]; “6-maculatum” [handwritten]; “Chevrier / TYPE” [handwritten with “TYPE” printed]; “sexmaculatum / Chevrier.” [handwritten].
Current status: A junior synonym of Icteranthidium laterale (Latreille, 1809).
DISCUSSION
While many of Chevrier's type specimens are in the MHNG, many are unaccounted for, especially when he had long type series. It is on record that he gave specimens to other researchers, such as Abeille de Perrin, now deposited in the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (MNHN) in Paris (Rosa, 2024). There are probably overlooked Chevrier type specimens in other collections. The beetle collection sold to the Liverpool Royal Institution was bought for the Bootle Museum in 1866. When the museum's service was reorganised in the 1970s (under the aegis of the Sefton Borough Council), it was decided that the collection should be given to the Merseyside County Museums (now the World Museum in Liverpool) in exchange for natural history specimens for the proposed Formby Museum. The value of the collection is now understood, and lectotypes have been designated in it. Any Ichneumonidae that found their way into the collection of Maurice Pic (Horn & Kahle, 1932) are now in the MNHN (Villiers, 1958). The early collections of Castelnau were donated to the National Institution (later the Smithsonian) in the USA in 1842, and apparently destroyed in a fire at the Smithsonian in 1865 (Evenhuis, 2012). Castelnau left France in 1848, and the collections he made in consular postings in Bahia (Brazil), Cape Town (South Africa), Bangkok (Thailand) and Melbourne (Australia) are mainly in the Melbourne Museum (Evenhuis, 2012). The Chevrier specimens mentioned by Horn & Kahle (1935) appear not to have been amongst the specimens given to the Smithsonian because at least some of them were sold by Deyrolle, the well-known Parisian natural history dealers (Faure, 2023), after Castelnau's death (Sharp, 1901). As a footnote, some Hymenoptera specimens with labels of Chevrier, Frey-Gessner and Tournier which had survived the fire at Deyrolle in 2008 were recently purchased from Deyrolle and are now in the collections of Michele Zilioli (Varese, Italy) and Paolo Rosa. Their provenance is unclear, but there does not appear to be any type specimens among them.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We are grateful to Steve Judd of the World Museum Liverpool for bringing Chevrier's beetle collection to our attention, and to Tony Hunter and Entomology Department, National Museums Liverpool for information about the fate of the collection. Thanks are due to Bernard Landry, curator of Hymenoptera at the MHNG for access to the collection and to the staff of the Bibliothèque de Genève for access to the archives.
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