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1 October 2009 Rare and unusual arthropod ecology, behavior and occurrence at hummingbird feeders in northern California
Ralph Stoaks
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Abstract

This paper reports eight rare and unusual arthropod occurrences at hummingbird feeders. A census was taken of a sucrose filled feeder that was observed for small arthropods from 1990–2001 in Sacramento, California. One water-filled control feeder was added on 1 May 1997 and data were collected twice daily at feeders. The following taxa were collected from the sucrose feeder except as indicated: 1) a new North American record for the psocid, Lachesilla quercus (Kolbe); 2) a new species of Megaselia (Phoridae) that is pending description; 3) the terrestrial chironomid, Smittia aterrima (Meigen) was also attracted to the water feeder; 4) the lepidopteran larva, Tineola basselliella (Hummel) (Tineidae); 5) a pupa of the aquatic chironomid, Heterotrissocladius sp.; 6) the rare soil mite, Iphidozercon corticalis Lindquist, may be associated with the Anna hummingbird, Calypte anna (Lesson) or insects (Diptera adults) as a phoretic host; 7) underwater funnel webs of the yellow sac spider, Cheirocanthium mildei Koch were observed only in the water feeder; 8) immature and adult C. mildei were collected from the sucrose and water feeder, but more immatures were attracted to the sucrose. This study found that the feeder with 25% sucrose had potential to attract a diversity of small arthropods and revealed unexpected results on behavior and questions for future study.

Ralph Stoaks "Rare and unusual arthropod ecology, behavior and occurrence at hummingbird feeders in northern California," The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 85(4), 194-198, (1 October 2009). https://doi.org/10.3956/2009-18.1
Received: 26 June 2009; Accepted: 1 December 2009; Published: 1 October 2009
KEYWORDS
Calypte anna
Cheiracanthium mildei
Heterotrissocladius
Iphidozercon corticalis
Lachescilla quercus
Megaselia sp. nov
Northern California
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