This paper reports eight rare and unusual arthropod occurrences at hummingbird feeders. A census was taken of a sucrose filled feeder that was observed for small arthropods from 1990–2001 in Sacramento, California. One water-filled control feeder was added on 1 May 1997 and data were collected twice daily at feeders. The following taxa were collected from the sucrose feeder except as indicated: 1) a new North American record for the psocid, Lachesilla quercus (Kolbe); 2) a new species of Megaselia (Phoridae) that is pending description; 3) the terrestrial chironomid, Smittia aterrima (Meigen) was also attracted to the water feeder; 4) the lepidopteran larva, Tineola basselliella (Hummel) (Tineidae); 5) a pupa of the aquatic chironomid, Heterotrissocladius sp.; 6) the rare soil mite, Iphidozercon corticalis Lindquist, may be associated with the Anna hummingbird, Calypte anna (Lesson) or insects (Diptera adults) as a phoretic host; 7) underwater funnel webs of the yellow sac spider, Cheirocanthium mildei Koch were observed only in the water feeder; 8) immature and adult C. mildei were collected from the sucrose and water feeder, but more immatures were attracted to the sucrose. This study found that the feeder with 25% sucrose had potential to attract a diversity of small arthropods and revealed unexpected results on behavior and questions for future study.
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1 October 2009
Rare and unusual arthropod ecology, behavior and occurrence at hummingbird feeders in northern California
Ralph Stoaks
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The Pan-Pacific Entomologist
Vol. 85 • No. 4
October 2009
Vol. 85 • No. 4
October 2009
Calypte anna
Cheiracanthium mildei
Heterotrissocladius
Iphidozercon corticalis
Lachescilla quercus
Megaselia sp. nov
Northern California