An annotated taxonomic and nomenclatural catalogue of the insect order Strepsiptera is presented. Known distributions and host associations are given as they are currently known. As of this publication, there are 627 valid species, 28 of which are known only from fossils. The misspelling of Viridipromontorius as Viridopromontoriusn. syn. (Roy and Niladri, 2016) is corrected to include Viridipromontorius aequus n. comb.Caenocholax pierci is moved to the genus Myrmecolax and becomes Myrmecolax pierci (Chattopadhyay and Chaudhuri, 1980) n. comb. Stichotrema trinadadensisGuenther, 1949) n. comb. is moved from Stichotrema to Myrmecolax. Halictophagus bohartiAbdulla, 1974 n. stat. was previously a junior synonym of Halictophagus variatus due to its being an invalid renaming of a homonym. The following species are reinstated as valid: Pseudoxenos andradeiLuna de Carvalho, 1953; Pseudoxenos atlanticusLuna de Carvalho, 1969 n. stat.; Pseudoxenos corcyricusSaunders, 1872; Pseudoxenos klugii (Saunders, 1852); Pseudoxenos lusitanicusLuna de Carvalho, 1960; Pseudoxenos schaumiiSaunders, 1872; Pseudoxenos seyrigi Monod, 1926; Stylops aburanaeKifune and Maeta, 1990 n. stat.; Stylops ainoKifune and Maeta, 1990 n. stat.; Stylops alfkeniHofeneder, 1939 n. stat; Stylops bimaculatae Perkins, 1918 n. stat.; Stylops bisalicidis Pierce, 1918 n. stat.; Stylops championi Pierce, 1918 n. stat.; Stylops collinusKifune and Maeta, 1990 n. stat.; Stylops dentataeKifune and Maeta, 1990 n. stat.; Stylops dominiqueiPierce, 1909 n. stat.; Stylops duboisi Bohart, 1937 n. stat.; Stylops duriensisLuna de Carvalho, 1974 n. stat.; Stylops esteponensisLuna de Carvalho, 1974 n. stat.; Stylops flavipedisHofeneder, 1923 n. stat.; Stylops fukuiensis Kifune, 1991 n. stat.; Stylops giganteusLuna de Carvalho, 1974 n. stat.; Stylops hirashimaiKifune and Maeta, 1990 n. stat.; Stylops izumoensisKifune and Maeta, 1990 n. stat.; Stylops krygeri Pierce, 1918 n. stat.; Stylops mandibularisPierce, 1911 n. stat.; Stylops medionitansPierce, 1919 n. stat.; Stylops moestae Pierce, 1918 n. stat.; Stylops muelleri Borchert, 1971 n. stat.; Stylops neonanae Pierce 1918 n. stat.; Stylops nipponicusKifune and Maeta, 1990 n. stat.; Stylops nitidaePasteels 1954 n. stat.; Stylops nitidiusculaePoluszyński 1927 n. stat.; Stylops oblongulusKifune and Hirashima, 1985 n. stat.; Stylops oklahomaePierce, 1909 n. stat.; Stylops orientisKifune and Maeta, 1990 n. stat.; Stylops pacificusBohart, 1936 n. stat.; Stylops perkinsiPasteels 1949 n. stat.; Stylops saliciflorisPierce, 1909 n. stat.; Stylops subcircularisKifune and Maeta, 1990 n. stat.; Stylops swenkiPierce 1909 n. stat.; Stylops truncatoidesKifune and Hirashima, 1985 n. stat. Stylops truncatusKifune and Hirashima, 1985 n. stat.; Xenos myrapetrus (Trois, 1988).