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18 September 2023 Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias) Predation on an Abnormal California Butterfly Ray (Gymnura marmorata) and its Ecological Implications
Victor Bach Muñoz
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Abstract

A Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias) was observed killing a California butterfly ray (Gymnura marmorata) with a morphological abnormality off coastal California. Even though this heron species has previously been reported actively hunting batoids, this observation is the first documenting of an attack by a bird (or any other predator) on a butterfly ray. The behavior observed in this event adds butterfly rays as potential prey items of A. herodias and provides further insights on both this bird's ecology as a nearshore predator and that of ray species like G. marmorata as important prey.

Victor Bach Muñoz "Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias) Predation on an Abnormal California Butterfly Ray (Gymnura marmorata) and its Ecological Implications," Waterbirds 45(4), 479-483, (18 September 2023). https://doi.org/10.1675/063.045.0412
Received: 8 August 2022; Accepted: 1 March 2023; Published: 18 September 2023
KEYWORDS
California Butterfly Ray
ecology
Great Blue Heron
malformation
predation
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