The status in Mozambique of all waders (Charadriidae, Dromadidae, Glareolidae, Haematopodidae, Scolopacidae, Turnicidae) is reviewed covering records up to June 2024. Significant updates are presented for 18 rare or vagrant species, four additional species of IUCN Near Threatened status and eight others of interest. The first documented national records of African Oystercatcher Haematopus moquini, Madagascar Pratincole Glareola ocularis, Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva, Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus, Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris, Broad-billed Sandpiper C. falcinellus and Common Redshank Tringa totanus are reported. No documented records of Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta or Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus were found. Among Near Threatened species, numbers of Red Knot Calidris canutus and Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata have declined recently in Mozambique, those of Great Snipe Gallinago media may be stable but warrant further survey, whilst numbers of Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica and Curlew Sandpiper C. ferruginea (the latter globally Vulnerable) are probably stable. A record of a possible Steppe Curlew N. a. suschkini is reported from Maputo province. Internationally important counts are reported at seven sites for Chestnut-banded Plover Charadrius pallidus, Bar-tailed Godwit, Tibetan Sandplover C. atrifrons, Crab Plover Dromas ardeola and Curlew Sandpiper, as well as for African Skimmer Rynchops flavirostris whose status we also reviewed. Further surveys of wetlands are a high priority, particularly on the coasts of central and northern Mozambique, and of major freshwater wetlands throughout the country.

Although species limits of North American birds are relatively well delineated, discrepancies among global lists identify species complexes that are subject to differences of opinion. As part of our work with the North American Classification Committee (NACC) of the American Ornithological Society, here we assess species limits in 11 such species complexes of North American birds: Spruce Grouse Canachites canadensis, Band-tailed Pigeon Patagioenas fasciata, Antillean Mango Anthracothorax dominicus, Greenish Puffleg Haplophaedia aureliae, Black Oystercatcher Haematopus bachmani, Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus, Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus, Elegant Trogon Trogon elegans, American Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides dorsalis, Golden-olive Woodpecker Colaptes rubiginosus and Olive-throated Parakeet Eupsittula nana. We update information on the taxonomic history of these species, and recommend revised taxonomic treatments by using published works, analysis of museum specimens and citizen/ community science databases. This work can provide a foundation for future taxonomic research in these species complexes.

All modern avian world taxonomies currently treat Lesser Roadrunner Geococcyx velox as monotypic. Since its description in 1836, however, five subspecies have been described based on tail pattern and underparts colour. These features were later found to be subject to individual and seasonal variation, and in the late 1990s the species was reclassified as monotypic. Here we present a previously overlooked diagnosable character that separates three geographic populations. We evaluated 1,400 photos archived in Macaulay Library and found consistent differences in iris colour, and no evidence of clinal connectivity, suggestive of divergence. We describe sectoral heterochromia for populations of Lesser Roadrunner in Yucatán and Honduras east to Nicaragua, a potential adaptation to foraging in tropical open habitats.

Most species of the genus Phyllomyias either lack formal nest descriptions or their nests are little known, representing a significant knowledge gap among Neotropical tyrannids. Here we describe two nests of Greenish Tyrannulet Phyllomyias virescens in Brazil. The nests were open semi-spheres placed high in trees, quite different from the published nest description for this species as closed/spherical and sited low above the ground. Our data suggest that the single, previously described nest of Greenish Tyrannulet was misidentified.

Although described as a subspecies of Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto, the isolated Burmese population S. d. xanthocycla is considered to be a species by some authors, based on presumed morphological differences between the two taxa. To resolve the issue, a whole-genome resequencing-based study was conducted. The results show that Burmese xanthocycla can indeed be considered a separate species, and therefore that Eurasian Collared Dove is monotypic. As no type material exists for the Burmese Collared Dove, a neotype is designated for xanthocycla to clarify its taxonomy.

Collected in Alagoas, north-east Brazil, in 1984, the sole nest of Iodopleura pipra leucopygia (Buff-throated Purpletuft) was not described at the time due to its being misidentified as belonging to White-browed Purpletuft I. isabellae. However, it was collected and deposited at the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, and its measurements and construction materials are described here. For the first time, the use of spider webs in the nest of Buff-throated Purpletuft I. pipra is indicated, and comparison with the few available descriptions of nests of congeners reveals that only this species is currently known to use lichens and bryophytes. The nest description presented here is the most detailed for any species of the genus Iodopleura.

Micrastur guerilla jugularis Gurney was described based on six specimens from widespread localities in South America and subsequently considered a junior synonym of Barred Forest Falcon Micrastur ruficollis (Vieillot). Nonetheless, it has not been discussed in relation to any of the taxonomic splits and descriptions of new species within the M. ruficollis clade in the last 50 years, despite being a potential senior synonym of M. mintoni Whittaker, 2003. To clarify the status of Gurney's name, here we report on the location and composition of the type series, confirm its mixed composition and, therefore, designate a lectotype that fixes the application of M. jugularis Gurney as a junior synonym of nominate M. ruficollis (Vieillot).

Greater Sand Plover Anarhynchus leschenaultii migrates from its breeding areas in western and Central Asia to the coasts of Australasia and the Indian Ocean. It is a vagrant in various parts of the world, including two records in North America. The species was photographed in December 2015 and September 2023 in south and south-east Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul and São Paulo), providing the first records for South America.