The taxonomy and phylogenetic positions of the fossil waterfowl (Aves: Anseriformes) described from the Eocene of England are reviewed. Although a total of six species within five genera have been described, only the phylogenetic positions of the two taxa Anatalavis oxfordi Olson and Headonornis (Lydekker) can be hypothesized with confidence within the order Anseriformes. Anatalavis oxfordi is considered to be the sistertaxon to a clade comprising another fossil waterfowl, Presbyornis Wetmore, and the extant true ducks, Anatidae, whereas Headonornis may be congeneric with Presbyornis Fossil material referred to the genera Palaeopapia Harrison and Walker and Paracygnopterus Harrison and Walker is considered Aves incertae sedis.