Ammopiptanthus S. H. Cheng, a genus of Fabaceae with a unique evergreen broad-leaved habit found in arid northwest China, has been found either to contain two species—A. mongolicus (Maxim. ex Kom.) S. H. Cheng and A. nanus (Popov) S. H. Cheng—or only one species—A. mongolicus. Thus, the taxonomic status of this genus, and the species within it, is unclear. In this paper, we clarify the taxonomic relationship in Ammopiptanthus by analyzing morphological evidence (leaf characters, plant height, and canopy coverage), karyotypes (new indices), and new molecular data (ITS 1–4 gDNA markers as well as trnH-psbA, trnL-trnF, and trnS-trnG cpDNA markers), together with datasets from earlier papers, which described many other traits of Ammopiptanthus species, including genetic diversity, geographic differentiation, spatial distribution patterns, and mating systems. Our findings support the conclusion that the genus Ammopiptanthus contains two independent species, and we offer a corresponding revision of the position of Ammopiptanthus in the Flora of China.

A phylogenetic arrangement of the 130 liverwort genera, comprising 582 species, that occur in North America north of Mexico is followed by an alphabetical synopsis of genera, species, subspecies, and varieties currently recognized. The treatment of each taxon includes pertinent synonyms, excluded names, and explanatory comments regarding currently accepted changes in taxon names and authors. Such updating has required making nine new combinations, as follows: Fuscocephaloziopsis connivens (Dicks.) Váňa & L. Söderstr. var. bifida (R. M. Schust.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; F. connivens (Dicks.) Váňa & L. Söderstr. var. compacta (Warnst.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; F. pleniceps (Austin) Lindb. var. sphagnorum (C. Massal.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Isopaches bicrenatus (Schmidel ex Hoffm.) H. Buch var. immersus (R.M. Schust. & Damsh.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Mesoptychia badensis (Gottsche ex Rabenh.) L. Söderstr. & Váňa var. apiculata (R. M. Schust.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Neoorthocaulis hyperboreus (R. M. Schust.) L. Söderstr., De Roo & Hedd. subsp. helophilus (R. M. Schust.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Schistochilopsis grandiretis (Lindb. ex Kaal.) Konstant. subsp. proteidea (Arnell) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; Tritomaria capitata (Hook.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov.; T. laxa (Lindb.) Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., comb. nov. The basionym citations for these new combinations can be found in the text treatments of these taxa. Thirty-four new heterotypic synonyms, distributed among 27 accepted taxa, have been proposed, primarily as a consequence of nomenclatural updating (see Appendix 1 for a list). Type species are indicated for all genera and basionyms are included, where appropriate. Distributional data, based primarily on literature reports, are also provided for each infrageneric taxon.

The Neotropical orchid genus Ocampoa A. Rich.&Galeotti was established as a monospecific taxon in 1845. Its generic separateness was questioned twice, and various authors included O. mexicana A. Rich&Galeotti in Cranichis Sw. or Ponthieva R. Br. The restitution of Ocampoa was proposed in 2013, and it was accompanied with a description of a second species within this genus. Two more orchids were transferred to Ocampoa in 2015. Based on morphological differences discussed in previous publications and some new insights presented in this paper, we postulate to maintain Ocampoa as a separate genus within Cranichidinae. Species of Ocampoa are characterized by the following combination of characters: cauline leaves, petals and lips connate with the gynostemium, petals simple, linear-lanceolate to obovate, and more or less falcate, lip base more or less concave to even subsaccate (which is caused by a C or an S curvation of the claw), prominent dendritic nervation on the lip lamina, and rather elongate, slender gynostemium, somewhat swollen at the apex only. In this paper, a taxonomic revision of this taxon is presented. A total of 10 species are recognized within Ocampoa. Six of them, O. acuminatissima (Ames&C. Schweinf.) Szlach.&Kolan., O. cucullata (Schltr). Szlach.&Kolan., O. gibbosa (Lindl.) Szlach.&Kolan., O. lehmanniana (Kraenzl.) Szlach.&Kolan., O. saccata (Ames) Szlach.&Kolan., and O. talamancana (Dressier) Szlach.&Kolan., were previously included in Cranichis or Goodyera R. Br., and the proper taxonomic transfers are proposed. The morphological characteristics of each Ocampoa representative are presented together with line drawings of perianth segments. Information about their distribution and ecology is provided, and a key to identification of Ocampoa species is presented.

Achenial trichomes of 23 taxa of four genera of Asteraceae were studied by means of digital and SEM: eight intrageneric taxa of Solidago L., one of Euthamia (Nutt.) Cass., seven of Erigeron sect. Conyza Less., and seven of Bidens L. It is proved that achenes of all the examined taxa of Erigeron sect. Conyza, Euthamia, and Solidago are covered with duplex trichomes. Within Bidens this feature is variable: indigenous European species B. tripartita L. and B. cernua L. are characterized by simple monostichous multicellular trichomes; the invasive B. frondosa L., by duplex trichomes; the alien B. connata Muhl. ex Willd., by trichomes of both types. Additional characters of taxonomic value were described for several taxa: trichome length, pubescence, surface sculpture, etc. Identification keys based on trichome characters were created for species of Bidens and Solidago.