A new genus, Anthelepis R.L.Barrett, K.L.Wilson & J.J.Bruhl, is described for four Cyperaceae species from mainly tropical areas of South-East Asia, New Caledonia and Australia. The relationships of the three previously described species have been much-debated. In recent decades, they have most commonly been placed in either Schoenus L. or Tricostularia Nees ex Lehm., but molecular phylogenetic data have demonstrated that they are not closely related to either genus and a new generic name is required. The following three new combinations are made: Anthelepis guillauminii (Kük.) R.L.Barrett, K.L.Wilson & J.J.Bruhl (based on Schoenus guillauminii Kük.), A. paludosa (R.Br.) R.L.Barrett, K.L.Wilson & J.J.Bruhl (based on Chaetospora paludosa R.Br.) and A. undulata (Thwaites) R.L.Barrett, K.L.Wilson & J.J.Bruhl (based on Cladium undulatum Thwaites). One new species, Anthelepis clarksonii R.L.Barrett, K.L.Wilson & J.J.Bruhl, is described from northern Queensland, Australia, as distinct from A. undulata. Full descriptions, illustrations and a key to species are provided. All species are confirmed as having C₃ anatomy.

Huncocladus laubenfelsii gen. et sp. nov. is described from the early Eocene (52 million years old) Laguna del Hunco site in Patagonia, Argentina, on the basis of a compression fossil with cuticle remains. The taxon has several similarities with Phyllocladus, together with characters that are absent in extant Phyllocladus species but are otherwise typical of the enclosing scale-leaved clade. Consequently, Huncocladus is interpreted as a relative of Phyllocladus, possibly belonging to its stem group. This view is supported by a phylogenetic analysis of Podocarpaceae, which recovers Huncocladus as sister to Phyllocladus within the here-termed phyllocladoid clade (Phyllocladus + Huncocladus). Huncocladus laubenfelsii is the first macrofossil record of the phyllocladoid lineage in South America or anywhere in the western hemisphere, vastly extending its historical range and constituting an additional lineage shared between Eocene Patagonia and extant and extinct Australasian and South-east Asian rainforests. The disappearance of phyllocladoids from South America adds to the general extinction pattern described previously for southern hemisphere Podocarpaceae, associated with the family’s low drought tolerance in the face of climate change (i.e. aridification). Huncocladus is the oldest record of the phyllocladoids, and it represents a new reference point for temporal calibration and biogeographic inference for the evolution of conifers and Australasian rainforests.

Thirty-five species of the liverwort genus Bazzania are recognised from Australia, including eleven endemics. The greatest diversity is in the Australian Wet Tropics bioregion in northern Queensland, where 28 species are known to exist. Keys to northern and southern Australian species are provided, and each species is described and illustrated. Bazzania uncigera (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Trevis. is newly reported for Australia.

A review of Austrocallerya J.Compton & Schrire and Pongamia Adans. (Leguminosae subfamily Papilionoideae) in Australia, and the description of a new monotypic genus, Ibatiria W.E.Cooper, is presented with the support of fresh, dried, spirit-preserved specimens, molecular phylogenetic analysis of plastid and nuclear data, and illustrations. Three Austrocallerya species are confirmed, described and distinguished for Australia. Two varieties of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre are recognised; P. pinnata var. minor (Benth.) Domin is reinstated and is distinguished from var. pinnata by habitat, leaflet number and width, floral bract length and bracteole length. The new genus, Ibatiria, includes a single species, Ibatiria furfuracea W.E.Cooper, from Queensland’s Wet Tropics Bioregion. A second-step lectotype is designated for Pterocarpus australis Endl., and lectotypes are designated for Wisteria megasperma F.Muell. and Pongamia glabra var. minor Benth.