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1 June 2001 Hypocoagulable State of Human Preovulatory Ovarian Follicular Fluid: Role of Sulfated Proteoglycan and Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor in the Fluid
Hayato Shimada, Shinpei Kasakura, Masahide Shiotani, Kimihiko Nakamura, Masanori Ikeuchi, Tatsuji Hoshino, Takayuki Komatsu, Yoshiyuki Ihara, Masayuki Sohma, Yoshihisa Maeda, Ryoichiro Matsuura, Shin Nakamura, Chiemi Hine, Naoki Ohkura, Hisao Kato
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Abstract

Ovulation accompanied by tissue damage can cause an increase in the level of tissue factor (TF) in the follicular fluid, triggering the extrinsic coagulation pathway. However, follicular fluid must block fibrin formation and maintain fluidity until the release of the oocyte at ovulation. The combination of sulfated proteoglycan, antithrombin, and TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI) appears to play a critical role in the hypocoagulability of human follicular fluid. When compared with plasma, folicular fluid differs markedly in the levels of a number of important coagulation proteins. Principal among these are 15-fold, 13-fold, and 3.7-fold increases in free TFPI, thrombin-antithrombin complex, and TF, respectively. The excessively prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) of human ovarian follicular fluid appear to be primarily due to high concentrations of sulfated proteoglycans, which accelerate the inactivation of thrombin and the anti-Xa activity of TFPI. Thus, heparitinase treatment shortened the clotting times of follicular fluid and reduced the inhibition of thrombin by the proteoglycan fraction combined with a fraction containing antithrombin. The remaining prolongation of APTT and PT may be caused by high levels of free TFPI in follicular fluid, which were confirmed by Northern blotting analysis, demonstrating TFPI mRNA expression by granulosa cells.

Hayato Shimada, Shinpei Kasakura, Masahide Shiotani, Kimihiko Nakamura, Masanori Ikeuchi, Tatsuji Hoshino, Takayuki Komatsu, Yoshiyuki Ihara, Masayuki Sohma, Yoshihisa Maeda, Ryoichiro Matsuura, Shin Nakamura, Chiemi Hine, Naoki Ohkura, and Hisao Kato "Hypocoagulable State of Human Preovulatory Ovarian Follicular Fluid: Role of Sulfated Proteoglycan and Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor in the Fluid," Biology of Reproduction 64(6), 1739-1745, (1 June 2001). https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod64.6.1739
Received: 19 June 2000; Accepted: 1 January 2001; Published: 1 June 2001
KEYWORDS
follicle
ovulation
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