Kentucky (U.S.A.), occupies a topographically and geologically varied region of North America between the southern Appalachians and the Mississippi River. This Annotated Catalog and Atlas was generated from a survey of all known native and naturalized woody plants in Kentucky, and includes 417 taxa arranged alphabetically by family and species. Included for each taxon is a distribution map based on annotated voucher specimens. During the course of this survey 40,000 specimens were examined and annotated. Of the 417 taxa known for the State, 102, or 24%, are non-native. Seven taxa are reported from Kentucky for the first time: Acer campestre L., Crataegus collina Chapman, Lonicera dioica L. var. dasycarpa (Rehd.) Gleason, Lonicera ×xylosteoides Tauscher, Pyracantha crenulata (D. Don) M.J. Roemer, Rubus discolor Weihe & Nees, and Taxus baccata L.