The genus Schistophoron Stirt. is reported for the first time from Brazil, based on collections from Mato Grosso do Sul State. Two species, S. indicum Kr.P.Singh & Swarnalatha, and S. tenue Stirt., were found, both of which are described and illustrated. In addition, a brief characterization of the other know species, with their geographic distribution, a comparative table and a world key are provided to facilitate their identification.