The transfer of Telipogon falcatus to Hofmeisterella is here challenged and Hofmeisterella falcata is relegated to the synonymy of Telipogon falcatus. Additional features to distinguish the species and comments about the type material are also provided. The recently described Hofmeisterella biglobulosa is discussed and referred to Hofmeisterella eumicroscopica.

We present a revision of all the species and available names of Eriopsis, a long misinterpreted genus of Orchidaceae described by John Lindley in 1847. A new species from the Venezuelan Guayana, E. escalerensis, is described and illustrated. An additional species from the Andes is circumscribed morphologically and geographically, but it remains undescribed until further data are available. A key to identify all the seven recognized species, conservation assessments in accordance with the B set of criteria of the IUCN, and miscellaneous notes are also provided.

Cardamine xinfenii, a new species from southern Sichuan Province, is described and illustrated. It does not seem to be closely related to any of the known Asian species of the genus. It is easily distinguished by the scapose habit and by having slender stolons, 7–9-foliolate, strongly toothed basal leaves, spreading floral parts, and filiform, non-auriculate cauline leaves (bracts) subtending the base of lowermost 1 or 2 pedicels of the raceme.

Freziera guaramacalana, a new species from the Venezuelan Andes, is described and illustrated, and its morphological relationships with allied species are discussed.

Three new species of Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae) from Costa Rica, are described illustrated, and discussed morphologically with reference to allied species. Sloanea damonsmithii is found in the Osa Peninsula, and apparently also occurs in Panama; S. eugenifloresii is from the Golfo Dulce Forest Reserve, Golfito region, and La Cangreja National Park; and S. herrerae occurs on the Caribbean slope of Costa Rica, in the Cordillera de Talamanca and Llanuras de San Carlos.

Ampelozizyphus kuripacorum from the upper río Cuyarí, Guianía department, Colombia, is described, illustrated, and its relationship with related species discussed. This new species differs from A. guaquirensis (the only other tree species in the genus) by its larger petioles, elliptic leaves, the domatia located only in the base the midrib on the lower surface, the glands (nectaries) on the leaf blades different in form, place and size, and the shorter, few- to single-flowered inflorescence. Updated keys to identify the genera of Rhamnaceae of Colombia and the species of Ampelozizyphus are provided.

This study refers to specimens of Lauraceae collected in Brazil by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius between 1817 and 1820. He collected 57 currently accepted species of Lauraceae, which belong to nine genera: Aniba, Cassytha, Cinnamomum, Cryptocarya, Dicypellium, Licaria, Nectandra, Ocotea, and Persea, for which Martius is known to have made about 99 different collections. The vast majority of them are nomenclatural types and, taking into account the synonyms involved, encompassing 26 holotypes, 23 lectotypes, and 30 syntypes. Besides Martius himself, early descriptions and citations of these materials were made by Nees von Esenbeck, Meissner, and Mez, the first monographers of the family. Martius's collections were the basis for the Flora Brasiliensis, where the taxonomic treatment of Lauraceae was made by the Swiss botanist Carl Daniel Friedrich Meissner in 1866, being of particular interest for indicating all the collections examined and available at that time. Here, we provide an annotated and updated list of 60 entries with information on the status of the names and their types, currently accepted names, collections found in different herbaria, accompanied by an Index to Scientific names and an Index to Collections. Although there are no cases of specimens of Lauraceae collected by Martius from his “Martii Herbarium Florae Brasiliensis,” they are also listed here since they have been attributed to him in literature. Lectotypes for two names, Cryptocarya speciosa, and Nectandra nitidula var. maior, are designated, and a new synonymy is proposed.

A new nothospecies in the subtribe Zygopetalinae (Orchidaceae), × Cochlezella costaricensis, representing a cross between Cochleanthes aromatica and Warczewiczella discolor, is described and illustrated from Costa Rica, and its relationships are discussed.

A new species was detected during the examination of specimens of Doliocarpus for the Flora of Ecuador, which is is described and its morphological relationships with its closest allied species are discussed. Doliocarpus renneri, from the wet riverine forests of the Cuyabeno (Napo) river, is most similar to D. multiflorus, but differs from that species in its branches, branchlets and petioles covered by black trichomes, the obovate or elliptic-obovate leaves, the shorter inflorescence, the sessile flowers, and the sepals and petals that differ in shape and number. A previously described subspecies is elevated to the rank of species (i.e., Doliocarpus dasyanthus subsp. robustus to D. robustus), and an updated key to the species of Doliocarpus of Ecuador is provided.

Pediomelum palmeri Grimes is validated, and P. ockendonii is rejected as a superfluous and illegitimate name.