Seven populations of Simulium parahiyangumTakaoka & Sigit (Diptera: Simuliidae), a geographically widespread nominal species of black fly in Southeast Asia, were morphologically and molecularly studied. Three morphoforms based on male and pupal morphological features, and two primary lineages based on the COI gene sequence analysis were recognized. Morphoform 1 (lineage 1) from Sarawak, Malaysia, is identified as S. parahiyangum sensu stricto and morphoform 2 (lineage 2) from Thailand and Vietnam, and morphoform 3 (lineage 1) from Peninsular Malaysia are each regarded as distinct species, although morphoform 3 is partially homosequential for the COI gene with morphoform 1. Morphoforms 2 and 3 are described as Simulium ngaoense sp. nov. and Simulium sazalyi sp. nov., respectively. Overall, S. parahiyangum is not a single geographic generalist but a composite of multiple species.
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27 July 2018
Morphological and Molecular Evidence for Multiple Taxa in Simulium parahiyangum (Diptera: Simuliidae), a Geographic Generalist Black Fly in Southeast Asia
Hiroyuki Takaoka,
Van Lun Low,
Wichai Srisuka,
Zubaidah Ya’cob,
Atiporn Saeung
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Journal of Medical Entomology
Vol. 55 • No. 6
November 2018
Vol. 55 • No. 6
November 2018
black fly
COI gene
phylogenetics
Southeast Asia