Cervical dorsal spondylosis with spinal cord compression in a black swan (Cygnus atratus) was confirmed radiographically and morphologically. Clinically ataxia was associated. Noninflammatory, degenerative changes of the synovial joint cartilage were associated with the spondylosis.
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1 October 1987
Cervical Dorsal Spondylosis with Spinal Cord Compression in a Black Swan (Cygnus atratus)
Bruce D. Hultgren,
Eva Wallner-Pendleton,
Barbara J. Watrous,
Linda L. Blythe
Journal of Wildlife Diseases
Vol. 23 • No. 4
October 1987
Vol. 23 • No. 4
October 1987
black swan
case report
Cervical dorsal spondylosis
Cygnus atratus