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25 April 2023 Prevalence and Molecular Analysis of Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) Trypanosomes in Tennessee
Eliza Baker, Rebecca H. Hardman, William B. Sutton, Sherri Reinsch, Michael Freake, Emily Holder, Carlin Frost, Bradley Nissen, Emilly Nolan, Richard Gerhold, Debra Miller
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Abstract

Populations of eastern hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) have been declining for multiple decades because of a variety of stressors associated with anthropogenic habitat disturbance followed by riparian sedimentation. The influence of parasite-associated morbidity and mortality on wild hellbender populations is poorly understood. Research has detected widespread trypanosome infection in hellbenders in Virginia, US, with no other reported detections within the eastern hellbender's extensive range. In our study, trypanosomes mostly closely resembling Trypanosoma cryptobranchi were observed in a blood smear of a hellbender from Tennessee during a population survey. Banked whole blood from this hellbender along with 51 other hellbenders was molecularly tested for the 18s rRNA gene of amphibian trypanosomes using newly designed PCR primers. In total, 3/52 (5.8%) hellbenders were PCR- and sequence-positive for trypanosomes. This is the first report of the partial 18s rRNA sequence from hellbender trypanosomes from North America. Further research into trypanosome epidemiology and hellbender health implications is warranted.

Eliza Baker, Rebecca H. Hardman, William B. Sutton, Sherri Reinsch, Michael Freake, Emily Holder, Carlin Frost, Bradley Nissen, Emilly Nolan, Richard Gerhold, and Debra Miller "Prevalence and Molecular Analysis of Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) Trypanosomes in Tennessee," Journal of Wildlife Diseases 59(1), 161-166, (25 April 2023). https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-22-00029
Received: 12 March 2022; Accepted: 6 September 2022; Published: 25 April 2023
KEYWORDS
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis
eastern hellbender
Trypanosoma cryptobranchi
trypanosome
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