A check-list of the Odonata species of the state of Bahia, Brazil, including information on their ecology and distribution in this state, was compiled. The data was collected by consulting databases and from specimens deposited in the collection of the Laboratory of Aquatic Organisms (LOA) of the State University of Santa Cruz. Altogether, 174 species from 12 families and 63 genera were recorded. Of these, two families, 15 genera, and 69 species are new records for the state. Additional information on habitats, vegetation types, and the types of land uses where the species were found is also presented. This information is considered a milestone for the state of Bahia and emphasizes the great diversity of Odonata species in poorly sampled regions in Brazil.