Excirolana armata (Dana, 1853) is redescribed on the basis of material collected from Puerto Quequén, Argentina, the type locality of Cirolana argentina Giambiagi, 1930. Based on this material, it is concluded that C. argentina is a junior synonym of E. armata. The distribution of E. armata is extended from Rio de Janeiro to Golfo San José (northern Patagonia). Excirolana armata is most similar to the Chilean species Excirolana hirsuticauda Menzies, 1962 and Excirolana monodi Carvacho, 1977; a table comparing these three species is provided. The male second pleopod and pleotelson of E. hirsuticauda are illustrated.

Bactrurus speleopolis, a large stygobitic amphipod crustacean in the family Crangonyctidae is described from specimens collected from a lake in Cave City Cave, Sharp County, Arkansas, and is the second species of Bactrurus Hay, 1902 recorded to date from the state. This species may also occur in Marble Falls Cave in Marion County, but sexually mature specimens are needed to verify that occurrence. The description of B. speleopolis raises the total number of species in Bactrurus to eight. The genus is widespread in subterranean groundwaters of the east-central United States and is also recorded from a few localities farther east in the southern Appalachians.

Neocaridina iriomotensis is described from Iriomote Island, southern Ryukyus, Japan. This species apparently belongs to the N. palmata species group and is morphologically closest to N. anhuiensis (Liang, Zhu & Wei, 1984) and N. ishigakiensis (Fujino & Shokita, 1975). It can be differentiated from the former by the longer rostrum and the presence of a pterygostomian spine, and from the latter by the armature of the rostrum.

A new species of pontoniine shrimp, Periclimenes siankaanensis, is described from the Mexican Caribbean coast. The new species shares morphological features with P. patae Heard & Spotte,1991, P. antipathophilus Spotte, Heard & Bubucis, 1994, and P. mclellandi Heard & Spotte, 1997, all species belonging to the “iridescens” complex, and with P. platalea Holthuis, 1951, of the tropical east Atlantic. Periclimenes siankaanensis differs from P. patae and P. mclellandi by its large size, pereopods 3–5 with 2 or 3 spines on propodal inner margin and the presence of bifid dactyl, and is distinguished from P. antipathophilus by its smaller size, entire endite on the second maxilla, pereopods 2 of same shape, and by the lack of tooth on the movable finger. In addition, P. siankaanensis can be separated immediately from P. platalea by having the second pereopods equal in shape and length, and bifid dactyl present on pereopods 3–5. Periclimenes siankaanensis inhabits shallow water Thalassia testudinum seagrass meadows and sandy bottoms, while the other species here compared are associated with gorgonians in deeper zones.

Calyptraeotheres hernandezi is described from off Cubagua Island, Caribbean Sea, Venezuela. The new species resembles C. granti (Glassell, 1933) from the eastern Pacific, with both taxa possessing a third maxilliped with an endopod palp of only two segments, i.e., with the dactylus missing, and the exopod with a thin and unsegmented flagellum. The new Atlantic species differs in the female having eyes that are visible from dorsal view, the propodi of the walking legs having subparallel margins, and the ventral margin of the pollex bearing a small fringe of setae. In contrast, the Pacific limpet crab C. granti has the eyes hidden from the dorsal perspective, the margin of the propodus of the walking legs tapered distally, and the ventral margin of the pollex with a well-developed fringe of setae. The austral species C. garthi (Fenucci, 1975) and C. politus (Smith, 1870) can be separated from the former two species by their third maxilliped having a rounded and minute dactylus that is inserted subdistally on the ventral margin of propodus. The new species inhabits the West Indian gastropod Crucibulum auricula (Gmelin).

Calyptraeotheres hernandezi se describe de las vecindades de la isla Cubagua, Mar Caribe, Venezuela. La nueva especie se asemeja a C. granti (Glassell, 1933) del Pacifico oriental, ambas especies poseyendo el palpo del endópodo del tercer maxilipedio con 2 segmentos, i.e., el dáctilo esta ausente, y el exópodo con un flagelo delgado y no segmentado. La nueva especie atlántica difiere porque los ojos de la hembra son dorsalmente visibles, los márgenes de los própodos de las patas caminadoras son subparalelos y el margen ventral del dedo fijo posee un pequeño fleco de setas. En contraste, el cangrejo de la lapa del Pacifico, C. granti, tiene los ojos dorsalmente ocultos, el margen de los própodos de las patas caminadoras se estrecha distalmente y el margen ventral del dedo fijo posee un fleco de setas bien desarrollado. Las especies australes C. garthi (Fenucci, 1975) y C. politus (Smith, 1870) pueden separarse de las anteriores debido a que su tercer maxilípedo presenta un dáctilo pequeño y redondo que se inserta subdistalmente sobre el margen ventral del própodo. La nueva especie habita en la lapa Crucibulum auricula (Gmelin).

Hemigrapsus lobulatus Manuel, Gonzales & Basmayor, 1991, a species of varunid crab from the Philippines, is here referred to a new genus. The species is not related to Hemigrapsus Dana, 1851 or its allies but is closer to Pseudograpsus H. Milne Edwards, 1837, Pyxidognathus A. Milne Edwards, 1879, and Scutumara Ng & Nakasone, 1993. It differs from members of those genera in having the dorsal carapace surface distinctly granulated with the regions well demarcated, a male chela which has a patch of granules on the dorsal surface, the presence of setae on the inner surface of the chela, and possession of a long and narrow male abdomen.

Foza raimundi, a new genus and species of freshwater crab from Antsiranana Province, northern Madagascar, is described from a high-altitude locality in the isolated Marojejy mountain range. The unusual combination of characters of the new species warrants the establishment of a new genus to accommodate this taxon. The new taxon is compared to the other species of freshwater crabs occurring in Madagascar. The Malagasy freshwater crabs belong to the Potamonautidae, a family found exclusively in the Afrotropical zoogeographic region. The new taxon is endemic to Madagascar, as are the other six genera and 12 species of freshwater crabs found there.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) johni is a new species of crayfish from the eastern Blue Ridge foothills and western Piedmont Plateau of North Carolina, where it occurs in streams in the upper Broad, Catawba, and Yadkin-Pee Dee river basins. It shares similarities with other stream-dwelling species of the subgenus, but is distinguished by a suite of characters that includes: an epistome with a weakly curved zygoma that is wider than the space between the renal pores; a dorsal carapace, rostrum and abdomen densely pitted with punctations; a broad, extremely punctate areola; a strong, curved, cephalomesial flange on the ventral surface of the coxa of the fourth pereopod of adult males; and an adult color pattern that includes a dark saddle on the carapace and a pair of dark dorsolateral stripes on the abdomen.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) brimleyorum is a new species of crayfish currently known only from lotic habitats in the Hiwassee River basin in Cherokee and Clay counties, North Carolina. Morphologically and meristically it is similar to another endemic Hiwassee crayfish, C. (P.) parrishi Hobbs, 1981, from which it differs in having a rostrum that lacks marginal spines or tubercles, a dorsal surface that is usually subplane instead of excavate, and a consistently longer acumen. The two species also vary in the shape of the cephalic lobe of the epistome. The new species differs from the only other species of Puncticambarus that occurs in the Hiwassee River basin, C. (P.) hiwasseensis Hobbs, 1981, in lacking rows of prominent tubercles on the mesial surface of the dactyl of the chela of the cheliped, in its narrower, less punctate areola, and in a number of other characters. At some sites, C. brimleyorum is syntopic with either C. hiwasseensis or C. parrishi, but these latter species have never been found together, and C. parrishi is still known only from a few headwater tributaries in Clay County, North Carolina, and Towns County, Georgia.

Cephalopods collected during the International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE; 1959–1965) and preserved at the Smithsonian Institution Oceanographic Sorting Center were analysed. This present work reports on the squids of the Loliginidae. A total of 378 specimens of Loliginids was identified: Loligo chinensis, Loligo duvaucelii, Loligo edulis, Loligo singhalensis, Loligo (?) sumatrensis, Loliolus hardwickei, and Sepioteuthis lessoniana. A systematic description is provided for each species, as well as its geographic distribution. Extensive updated information on the biology and fishery of each species also is discussed. Basic measurements were taken on each specimen and main morphological indices were computed; these were compared with those reported in the literature for each species. Tables provide measurements, morphological indices and comparisons with other studies. Appendices present information on capture sites, measurements and indices of individuals by sex and stage of maturity.  Supplemental Material ()

A new species of Apogon in the subgenus Ostorhinchus is described from Nouméa, New Caledonia. This species differs from all others in Apogon by having numerous small dark spots on the body, 17 pectoral-fin rays, and eight well-developed gill rakers on the first gill arch. Phenetic characteristics, in the sense that a clear published basis for monophyly has not yet been demonstrated for grouping species within Apogon, are used. High pectoral-fin ray counts, fewer than ten well-developed gill rakers and general color patterns are used to compare with and relate to a number of species found in the Coral Sea and the Indo-West Pacific. Apogon chrysurus, A. brevicaudatus, A. opercularis and A. timorensis are considered related species.

A new species of the aulorhamphid fish genus †Aulorhamphus, A. caucasicus, is described from the Middle Eocene of Russia (Kuma Horizon, North Caucasus) based on six imprints (five with counterparts) of diminutive specimens. Aulorhamphus previously has been known only from the Middle Eocene of Italy (Monte Bolca), where it is represented by two species, A. bolcensis and A. capellinii.

A new member of the dubius species group of the colubrid genus Geophis is described. This new species differs from the nine other described members of the group in a variety of features of scutellation and color pattern. The new species inhabits the cloud forest of Parque Nacional El Cusuco, located in the Sierra de Omoa of northwestern Honduras.

Se describe un nuevo miembro del grupo de especies dubius del género Geophis. La nueva especie se distingue de los nuevos otros miembros del grupo en una variedad de características de escamación y patrón de color. La nueva especie vive en el bosque nublado del Parque Nacional El Cusuco, localizado en la Sierra de Omoa de Honduras noroccidental.