Myotis diminutus Moratelli & Wilson, 2011a (Vespertilionidae, Myotinae) was known only from the holotype—a subadult collected in a fragment of moist forest on the western slope of the Ecuadorian Andes in 1979. Based on recent work in museum collections, we discovered a second specimen of Myotis diminutus, collected in 1959. This specimen of Myotis diminutus comes from La Guayacana, Nariño, western Colombia (≈ 135 km north from the type locality); and M. nigricans (Schinz, 1821) also was collected at the same locality. This record confirms the distinctiveness of Myotis diminutus. This species is known from only the Chocó ecoregion, one of the critical biodiversity hotspots on Earth. We have no evidence of living individuals. In this report we also investigate the relationships among Myotis nigricans from eastern and western sides of the Andes. Our results confirm that populations from both sides of the Cordillera represent the same subspecies—Myotis nigricans nigricans.

Myotis diminutus Moratelli & Wilson, 2011a era conocido sólo del holotipo—un subadulto coleccionado en un fragmento de bosque húmedo en la vertiente occidental de los Andes del Ecuador en 1979. Basado en un trabajo reciente en colecciones de museos, descubrimos un segundo ejemplar de Myotis diminutus, coleccionado en 1959 en La Guayacana, Nariño, Colombia (≈ 135 km al norte de la localidad tipo), la misma localidad donde individuos de M. nigricans (Schinz, 1821) fueron capturados. Este registro confirma el carácter distintivo de Myotis diminutus. Esta especie es conocida sólo de la ecoregión del Chocó, uno de los hotspots de biodiversidad más importantes del planeta. No hay evidencia de individuos vivos. Además, hemos analizado las relaciones entre poblaciones de Myotis nigricans de los diferentes lados de los Andes. Nuestros resultados confirman estas poblaciones como la misma subespecie—Myotis nigricans nigricans.

Confusion exists in the literature concerning the collecting event of the teiid lizard Tiaporus fuliginosus. We investigated the literature and documents stored at the Smithsonian Institution Archives involving the collector of those specimens in an effort to resolve that confusion. We conclude that the type series was collected on the Swan Islands of Honduras by Charles H. Townsend during 1887. We also provide a redescription of that nominal form and show that it is a valid species that should be called Ameiva fuliginosa. We also examined the type series of A. panchlora from Old Providence, Colombia and confirm that its 1950 placement as a junior synonym of A. fuliginosa is correct.

The taxonomic status of Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill) is problematic. Difficulties in comparison of populations are exacerbated by the lack of type material. Here we designate a neotype from Connetquot River, Long Island, New York. We provide genetic and morphological data for the neotype, conspecifics, and other populations (Swan Creek, Nissequogue Creek) from Long Island, New York. We demonstrate, using molecular markers, that the population from Connetquot River most likely has not been influenced by the major broodstock strains utilized in the Northeast for supplemental and restorative stocking programs. We distinguish the above populations morphologically from lower interior basin populations, represented by fishes from the Pigeon-French Broad drainage, North Carolina and Tennessee. Finally, we position populations from Long Island, New York, within six distinct lineages of S. fontinalis.

In a 24 hr period during 23–25 December 1975, I documented a minimum of 282 dead individuals of Oceanic Puffer Lagocephalus lagocephalus that had washed ashore on the remote South Atlantic island of Trindade, 1200 km east of the coast of Brazil. All of the more than 50 individuals for which I determined the sex had been reproductively active males. The locality is much farther south than the species has been previously recorded in the western Atlantic. I present evidence from ephemeral sources that report similar die-offs of Lagocephalus lagocephalus in the Hawaiian Islands and Fanning Atoll in the Pacific, and the Gulf of Guinea and Gabon in the eastern Atlantic for which, unfortunately, no scientific details, such as the sex of the individuals or other information that could explain cause of death, appears to have been published. The Trindade observation suggests that mass mortalities of this puffer may be associated with reproductive swarms.

A new species of crayfish, Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) erythrodactylus, is separated from the Cambarus (L.) diogenes complex. The new species is morphologically similar to C. (L.) diogenes but differs from it in the presence of three or four spines along the cervical groove, greatest depth anterior mid-horizontal beneath the antennal scale, the presence of two rows of tubercles along the distal medial palm, with an additional two or three partial or full rows of tubercles on the palm, subpalm of the chela with one to four (mode = three) tubercles, and a gonopod extending greater than 90° and bent cephalodistally 20° at the shoulder. The species occurs in the Pea, Choctawhatchee, Sepulga, and Conecuh River systems of southeastern Alabama, in the Black Warrior and Tombigbee River systems in western Alabama and eastern Mississippi, in the Alabama River in central Alabama, and Bear Creek drainage of the Tennessee River, and Yazoo River drainages and occurring throughout the central and eastern portions of Mississippi.

The marine phytal zone has received little attention as yet as a habitat of associated and symbiotic crustaceans, particularly copepods. We describe here the female and male of a new harpacticoid copepod species Zaus wonchoelleei from the green alga Ulva sp. attached to aquaculture floats at Tongyeong Marine Living Resources Research and Conservation Center, Gyeongsangnamdo, Korea. The new species is closely related to Z. unisetosus recorded from Japan and Korea and Z. goodsiri by having one inner seta on leg 2 endopod but can be easily distinguished by the combination of the following characters: leg 2 enp-3 with only 1 inner seta, setation of leg 5 exopod, segmentation of antennule, and sexual dimorphism of leg 2 endopod. The detailed taxonomic description of the new species, Z. wonchoelleei, addresses the similarity and/or distinctiveness of species in the genus Zaus and contributes to the discussion of characters found useful to justify the separation of closely related species reported or being documented elsewhere.

A new species of freshwater diaptomid copepod, Skistodiaptomus ozarkensis, is described from lakes, ponds, and flooded fields in the Ozark Plateau region of the U.S.A. A general description with illustrations of the body and appendages of the adult male and female S. ozarkensis is presented. The new species seems to be quite closely related to S. reighardi (Marsh, 1895) and was reported previously as this species. Several morphological characters are identified that separate these two species from each other as well as from S. oregonensis (Lilljeborg, 1889). Among these characters, the shape of segment 2 of the exopod of the male left fifth leg most clearly separates the three species.