Neaplax baja n. sp., assigned to the family Oxycarenidae (Lygaeoidea), is described from México as the second member of the genus. New distributional records for Neaplax mexicana Slater are given, and an illustration of the new species and a key to the known species are provided.

A new species of Neophylax, Neophylax virginica Flint, is described from several sites along the Potomac, Shenandoah and Rappahannock Rivers in Northern Virginia. It is closely related to Neophylax stolus Ross, Neophylax acutus Vinyard and Wiggins, Neophylax ayanus Ross, and Neophylax Ottawa Vineyard and Wiggins, differing in characteristics of the male and female genitalia, which are illustrated. A phylogram of the Neophylax ayanus species group based on COI data is included.

The European grape vine moth, Lobesia botrana ([Denis and Schiffermüller]), is one of the most destructive pests of grape in the Palearctic Region. Larvae feed on fruit, causing direct damage and promoting secondary infection by Botrytis cinerea Persoon (botrytis bunch rot or gray mold). On September 30, 2009, tortricid larvae damaging grapes in the Napa Valley of California were identified as L. botrana, representing the first records of this species in North America. The presence of L. botrana could have a significant impact on California agriculture— wine, table, and raisin grapes are grown on more than 800,000 acres throughout the state. We provide descriptions and illustrations to aid in the identification of this newly arrived pest, along with a brief history of its discovery.

We conducted surveys for Hesperopsis gracielae (MacNeill) along the lower Colorado River floodplain from the Muddy River inflow of Lake Mead in Nevada south through western Arizona and eastern California to the eastern border of Baja California, Mexico. Females oviposit largely if not exclusively on quail brush, Atriplex lentiformis. We searched for eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults on or around quail brush and nearby food sources. Eggs are distinctive by their spherical shape, heavily-sculptured and ridged chorion, and reddish brown or cream color. Larvae form and pupate in shelters that are easily distinguished from other Lepidoptera. Finding immature stages helped identify occupied locations, because eggs or larvae could be found between adult broods and during weather conditions not conducive for adult observations. We found quail brush at 99 sites along the floodplain and sootywings at 55 of those sites. Several large regions of the lower Colorado River did not appear to support quail brush. We did not find H. gracielae at the type locality at Bennett Wash near Earp, California, despite the presence of quail brush. The closest location to the type locality currently occupied is 21 km northeast along the Bill Williams River.

A new species of leafmining fly in the genus Phytomyza Fallen (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is reared from Gelsemium Juss, representing the first known instance of an agromyzid feeding on a host plant in Gelsemiaceae (Asteridae). The host plant, likely G. sempervirens (L.) (the “evening trumpetflower”), but possibly also G. rankinii Small, is a perennial vining species native to the southeastern United States. All examined specimens of this leafminer were reared from leaves collected in North Carolina from January to April in 1996 and 1997. The morphology and life history of the new species, Phytomyza omlandi Scheffer and Lonsdale, are discussed; photographs and illustrations are provided for external structures, the male genitalia and the leafmine. Morphological and molecular data support a close phylogenetic relationship between this species and the holly leafmining P. ilicis Curtis complex, although exact relationships are still uncertain and studies are ongoing.

Fenusa absens, n. sp., is described from Novosibirsk, Russia. It was reared from leaf mines in Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila L. Placement of this species in Fenusa Leach is discussed, and comparison is made to other species of elm leafmining sawflies. Because Ulmus pumila is not native to the Novosibirsk region, it is possible that Fenusa absens is an introduced species in the area.

Fenusa ewaldi Smith, n. sp., is described from Novosibirsk, Russia. The larvae are leafminers of Rosa sp. (Rosaceae) and represent only the second sawfly leafminer of this plant genus.

Six species in three genera of Xiphydriidae are recorded from Korea, Euxiphydria potanini (Jakovlev, 1891), Xiphydriola amurensis Semenov, 1921, Xiphydria annulitibia Takeuchi, 1936, X. camelus (Linnaeus, 1758), X. jakovlevi Semenov and Gussakovskij, 1935, and X. palaeanarctica Semenov, 1921. Xiphydriola amurensis, Xiphydria annulitibia, and X. jakovlevi are new country records. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: Xiphydriola nishijimai (Togashi, 1998), n. comb., and Nasoxiphia Maa, 1949 = Xiphydria Latreille, 1803, n. syn.

A new species of Halictophagus (Strepsiptera: Halictophagidae) from Tulear Province, Madagascar is described. This is the second Halictophagus species from Madagascar and the fifteenth from Africa. The new species, Halictophagus euryscelis, is compared with other species that it most closely resembles and a key is provided for all known male Halictophagus from Africa.