The largest subfamily of Pyraloidea of the Galápagos fauna is reviewed. Forty-four species are recorded and illustrated, including the male and female genitalia. Eleven species are described as new: Agathodes galapagensis Landry sp. n., Desmia mordor Landry & Solis sp. n., Diaphania galapagensis Landry & Solis sp. n., Lineodes vulcanalis Landry sp. n., L. corinnae Landry sp. n., Neoleucinodes galapagensis Landry sp. n., Samea coffea Landry sp. n., Samea inconspicuella Landry sp. n., Sisyracera jacquelinae Landry sp. n., Udea galapagensis Landry sp. n., Udea sideralis Landry sp. n. Asciodes quietalis (Walker, 1859), stat. n. and Samea castellalisGuenée, 1854, stat. n. are removed from synonymy. Samea contortilinealisHampson, 1895 is synonymized with Sisyracera inabsconsalis (Möschler, 1890). Lectotypes are designated for Botys cambogialisGuenée, 1854, Phlyctaenia capsifera Meyrick, 1933, Phalaena costata Fabricius, 1775, Botys creonalis Walker, 1859, Samea disertalis Walker, 1866, Asciodes gordialisGuenée, 1854, Diasemia inabsconsalisMöschler, 1890, Samea jarbusalis Walker, 1859, Botys philealis Walker, 1859, and Scoparia quietalis Walker, 1859. The known distribution and biology of each species are summarized. Cryptobotys zoilusalis (Walker, 1859) and Salbia haemorrhoidalisGuenée, 1854 are recorded from the Galápagos for the first time. A host plant record is mentioned for Penestola bufalis (Guenée, 1854) for the first time. The binomen Patania silicalis (Guenée, 1854), comb. n., is mentioned for the first time.