Latouchia Pocock, 1901: 210; established to accommodate three species previously misplaced by Simon (1886: 162-163 and 1897: 253) in Acattyma (= Antrodiaetus) plus two additional species from China and Japan.

Cronenbergella Charitonov, 1946: 19, see Raven (1985: 151).

Diagnosis: The genus Latouchia differs from other Ummidiinae by the absence of a proximal ‘saddle-shaped depression’ in the dorsal side of tibia III and by the absence of a protuberant, prodorsal apophysis (spur) on trochanter III (see Decae, 2010: fig. 1). As presently understood, Latouchia is the only rastelloid trapdoor spider genus without a saddle-shaped depression in tibia III but with clavate tarsal trichobothria.

Taxonomic and geographic remarks: Pocock (1901: 210-211) regarded Latouchia as closely related to Cytrocatenum (family Ctenizidae, subfamily Ctenizinae). He correctly described Latouchia as a trapdoor spider genus with typical rastelloid characters such as being strongly built, having a high elevated cephalic part of the carapace in females, a deep and strongly procurved fovea in both sexes, large orthognathous chelicerae, two pairs of short spinnerets, and the proximal segments of the PLS wider than long. Some characters in Pocock's description (a high ocular tubercle and sigilla fused to form a shallow Λ-shaped groove in the middle of the sternum), however, are not found in the Ctenizinae as they are understood today. These characters, combined with those mentioned by Pocock, place Latouchia within the Ummidiinae (family Halonoproctidae). The absence of lateral sigilla and the presence of clavate tarsal trichobothria (not mentioned by Pocock), further support the placement of Latouchia within the Ummidiinae on morphological grounds. Godwin et al. (2018: 308) confirmed this placement using morphological and molecular arguments. Latouchia, as understood here, is the only umminiine genus lacking the conspicuous saddle-shaped depression in tibia III (see diagnosis).

Although seventeen Latouchia species (and one subspecies) are regarded as valid in the World Spider Catalog (2019), the genus is relatively poorly known.

Several species are briefly or incompletely described. Only eight Latouchia species have both sexes described. Eight other species are known exclusively from females, and one species from the male only. Nine species have no more than one reference in the literature, six of these single references are more than fifty years old. The existence of all these single-reference-species remains to be confirmed.

Another complication in the taxonomy of Latouchia is that the three earliest recorded species, all described by Simon (1886, 1897), had originally been misplaced in the genus Acattyma (L. Koch, 1878). Pocock (1901) recognized that Simon's A. davidi, A. cunicularia and A. cryptica had been misplaced and he therefore established the genus Latouchia to contain Simon's Acattyma species as well as two newly discovered species. Simon (1903: 890) acknowledged Pocock's new genus and the transfer of his Acattyma species to Latouchia. Pocock (1901) described two additional species, L. fossoria from China and L. swinhoei from Japan, and he designated L. fossoria as the type species of the genus Latouchia (Pocock, 1901: 211). This designation, however, is not recognized in the current version of the World Spider Catalog (2019), where L. davidi (Simon, 1886) (one of the two earliest described species) is given as the type species of Latouchia. This ambiguous information leads to further taxonomical complications, firstly because the holotype of L. davidi might be lost, and secondly because the type locality given by Simon (1886: 163) is difficult to trace. According to geographical information given in the World Spider Catalog (2019), L. davidi occurs in China. However, the type locality given by Simon (1886: 163), “Mou-Pin”, might refer to “Khong Mou Pin” (22.483°N, 103.317°E) in northern Vietnam. Given the above, information about Latouchia provided in the World Spider Catalog (2019) needs correction. Latouchia fossoria should be indicated as type species of the genus, and the geographical origin of L. davidi should be indicated as eastern Asia. The question if Simon's Acattyma davidi, A. cunicularia and A. cryptica were correctly transferred to Latouchia remains open until the type specimen of these species have been recovered.

Types: MHNG, sample SV-03/18; male holotype (ID: PS-014; matured on 1.XI.2004), one female paratype (ID: PS-015); Vietnam, Lam Dong Province, Dambri Waterfall, ca 18 km north of Bao Loc; WGS84 11.6450, 107.7435; alt. 850 m, old secondary forest, roadside; 2.09.2003; leg. P. J. Schwendinger.

Etymology: The species name, a Latinised present participle, refers to the presence of a conspicuous and supposedly diagnostic series of crescent-shaped ridges on the retrolateral side of the basal segment of the chelicerae, here interpreted as part of a stridulatory organ.

Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from all known Latouchia species, for which sufficient information is available, by the presence of a series of crescent-shaped ridges (presumably part of astridulatory organ) on the retrolateral side of the basal segment of the chelicerae (Fig. 11). This character is present in both sexes. The new species furthermore differs from other Latouchia species in the morphology of the spermathecae, which are only slightly constricted in the distal half of both parallel receptacles (Fig. 18), and in the long, slender and regularly curved embolus with a small, subapical triangular side tooth (Figs 19-22).

Description of male (holotype)

Colouration: Carapace uniformly dull dark brown with some shading, darkest along the edges. Chelicerae distinctly bicoloured, ventrally and proximally yellow, distally brown. Abdomen dorsally uniformly blackish grey, ventrally creamy yellow with numerous dark blotches between posterior booklungs and spinnerets. Sternum, labium, maxillae and ventral side of leg coxae yellow. Spinnerets creamy white. Distal segments of legs and palps yellow, proximal segments brown, femora entirely dark brown in palps and legs I-II, only dorsally brown in legs III-IV.

Carapace (Figs 7, 9): Slightly longer than wide (w/l = 0.9), with thickened rim around lateral and posterior edges, cuticle coriaceous (terminology following Pocock, 1901), with fine grainy texture and wrinkles between eyes and fovea, glabrous except for few fine bristles on cephalic part. Cephalic part slightly elevated (Fig. 9), rising gradually from eye group before sloping in a regular curve down to fovea. Fovea procurved, crescent-shaped. Thoracic part gradually descending from fovea to posterior edge of carapace (Fig. 9). Clypeus very narrow, hidden under forward-projecting ocular mound. Eye group on elevated mound (Fig. 9), almost twice as wide as long (EL/PR = 0.55), slightly trapezoidal, PR slightly wider than AR (AR/PR = 1.03); lateral eyes larger than median eyes. AME less than their diameter apart, anterior eyes grey, posterior eyes pearly white.

Chelicerae: Retrolateral series of distinct regularly-spaced, crescent-shaped ridges and depressions over the length of the basal segment forming the rasp of a stridulatory organ (Fig. 11). Dorsally glabrous zone separating longitudinal bands with fine bristles, these distally merging into a field of stronger bristles and apical rastellar teeth. Rastellum on small elevation. Ventral fang groove lined on both sides with rows of small conical teeth (five in prolateral row, four in retrolateral row). Fang long and sharply pointed (Fig. 11).

Ventral side of cephalothorax: Sternum slightly longer than wide (w/l = 0.9), narrowing anteriorly, widest between coxae II and III. Central sigilla large, fused, extending forward, with a single, longitudinal, median row of fine bristles. Labium semicone-shaped, truncated at anterior margin, wider than long (w/l = 1.2). A single apical cuspule present. Maxillae longer than wide, roughly rectangular, distal prolateral heel absent, group of small cuspules present along proximal edge.

Palps (Fig. 13): Cymbium spineless, with dorsal groups of 11 to 13 clavate trichobothria. Tibia proximally slightly inflated, with dense ventral group of strong bristles over full length of segment. Femur with small but distinct group of curved, short, thorn-like spines dorso-distally. Tibia and femur not longer than half length of carapace (PTi/CL = 0.4; PFe/CL = 0.5). Bulb (Figs 19-22) with proximal part globular in dorsal view (Fig. 21), clearly separated into a proximal and a distal part in pro- and retrolateral view (Figs 20, 22). Embolus long, nearly half length of total bulb (EmL/BuL = 0.48), regularly curved (best seen in ventral and dorsal view (Figs 19, 21), subapically with a distinct triangular “tooth” visible only in ventral and dorsal view (Figs 19, 21).

Legs: All tarsi scopulate, furnished with small, very fine spines and, except for tarsus IV, with few dorsal clavate trichobothria. Lateral groups of short, sharp spines on anterior metatarsi and tibiae; stronger short spines present on patellae and in particular in dorsal distal zone of femora. Leg III with numerous spines on all segments, most prominent in dorsal prolateral zone of trochanter, distal patellar spines arranged in a short transverse row. Leg IV with short spines on all segments except coxa.

Paired claws (Fig. 14): Three or four sharp teeth of different lengths, distal or subdistal tooth longest. Unpaired claw smooth.

Abdomen (Fig. 7): Ovoid, soft, with evenly spaced short bristles.

Spinnerets: As in female (see below).

Measurements: TBL 16.6; CL 6.9; CW 6.3; CP 4.2; AR 1.10; PR 1.13; EL 0.62; dALE 0.32; dPLE 0.32; dAME 0.20; dPME 0.18; diAME 0.13; diPME 0.37; SL 3.7; SW 3.4; LL 0.8; LW 1.1; MaxL 2.1; PaL 9.1 (1.3 + 2.5 + 1.8 + 3.5); LL1 19.5 (1.5 + 3.8 + 5.0 + 3.0 + 6.2); LL2 17.3 (1.6 + 3.5 + 3.7 + 2.9 + 5.6); LL3 16.5 (1.9 + 4.1 + 3.1 + 2.6 + 4.8); LL4 22.2 (2.3 + 5.2 + 5.2 + 3.0 + 6.5); BuL 2.26; BuW 0.75; EmL 1.08.

Description of female (paratype)

Colouration: Generally as in male, but slightly lighter and more shaded brown carapace and lighter grey dorsal side of abdomen.

Carapace (Figs 8, 10): Longer than wide (CW/CL = 0.9), cephalic part strongly elevated, with shallow saddle-shaped depression between ocular mound and highest elevation shortly anterior of a steep decent to fovea (Fig. 10). Texture of cuticle smooth, few bristles of very different lengths and strengths widely scattered over cephalic part. Few very fine bristles on thoracic part. Fovea with outward curving ends (Fig. 8). Slope of thoracic part, clypeus and eye group as in male.

Chelicerae: Stronger than in male. Rastellum on a low elevation. Rows of teeth on either side of the fang groove stronger than in male.

Ventral side of cephalothorax (Fig. 12): Sternum as in male. Labium shaped as in male, but with small distal group of four cuspulus. Maxillae shaped as in male, prolateral distal heel strongly reduced, with a group of about 20 cuspules along proximal margin.

Palps: Tarsus with dorsal group of 11 to 13 clavate trichobothria, tarsus and tibia with dense lateral groups of mainly curvy spines over full lengths of segments, tarsal claw with one bifid proximal tooth (Fig. 16).

Legs: Posterior two pairs stronger than anterior two pairs, with clavate trichobothria as in male, distal three segments of legs I-II with dense groups of mainly curvy spines on their lateral surfaces, ventrally spineless, curvy spines absent from posterior legs. Spines on patella and metatarsus III situated dorsally, no trochanter spines as in male but long bristles instead.

Paired claws (Fig. 15): With proximal two to four teeth of different lengths, distal ones longest.

Abdomen: Larger than in male.

Spinnerets (Fig. 17): PMS one-segmented, digitiform, with light-coloured apical spigot field. PLS three-segmented, with macrospigots present on all segments. Proximal segment as wide as long, slightly cone-shaped, with narrow ventroapical spigot field, median segment short and cylindrical, its ventral spigot field with 7-9 prominent macrospigots irregularly distributed, distal segment very short and dome-shaped, apical spigot field with one or two central macrospigots.

Spermathecae: Monopartite parallel receptacles column-shaped, with only a slight constriction subcentrally and fully covered with gland pores for their entire length (Fig. 18).

Measurements: TBL 20.4; CL 7.5; CW 6.4; CP 5.1; AR 1.23; PR 1.28; EL 0.68; dALE 0.31; dPLE 0.33; dAME 0.20; dPME 0.22; diAME 0.13; diPME 0.41; SL 4.5; SW 4.0; LL 1.1; LW 1.3; MaxL 2.6; PaL 12.4 (2.7 + 2.8 + 2.6 + 4.3); LL1 13.7 (1.2 + 1.9 + 2.9 + 3.1 + 4.6); LL2 12.4 (1.2 + 1.9 + 2.3 + 2.8 + 4.2); LL3 12.4 (1.6 + 2.2 + 1.9 + 2.6 + 4.1); LL4 17.1 (1.8 + 3.1 + 3.5 + 3.3 + 5.4); Int 0.31; Ext 0.84.

Biology: The type specimens were collected from earth banks on one side of a dirt road in an old secondary forest near a waterfall. The burrows were quite short (not much longer than the spiders themselves) and had two wafer-like trapdoors. The backdoor opened into a blind chamber behind the burrow into which the spiders retreated when the front door was forced open.

Types: MHNG, sample SV-03/05; male holotype (ID: PS-022; matured in early June 2004), one female allotype (ID: PS-016) and one female paratype (ID: PS-017); Vietnam, Kien Giang Province, Nui Hang Tien, Hang Tien, north of Hong Chong; WGS84 10.18867, 104.59611; altitude 1 m (inside limestone cave); 11.08.2003; leg. P. J. Schwendinger.

Etymology: This species is named after Peter J. Schwendinger who collected and raised the type specimens and made them available for this study.

Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from all known Latouchia species, for which sufficient information is available, by its small size as measured by the length of the carapace. Male CL 3.9 in L. schwendingeri sp. nov. versus an average male CL of 6.1 (SD = 0.8) in eight Latouchia species reported on in the literature. Females CL 4.3 in L. schwendingeri sp. nov. versus an average female CL of 6.9 (SD = 1.8) in fifteen Latouchia species reported in the literature. The male furthermore differs from males described and illustrated in the literature (Pocock, 1901; Strand, 1907, 1910; Schenkel, 1953, 1963; Song & Hu, 1982; Song et al., 1983; Haupt & Shimojana, 2001; Song et al., 2001; Tso et al., 2003; Ono, 2010), by an elongated proximal part of the bulb and by a short embolus with a bent ‘nose-like' tip (Figs 23-26). Females differ from all known females of Latouchia species, with the exception of L. huberi sp. nov. described below, by the multilobed, ‘berrylike’ receptacles of the spermathecae (Figs 38-39). Females of L. schwendigeri sp. nov. differ from those of L. huberi sp. nov. by the very short, dome-shaped receptacles of the spermathecae (compare Figs 38-39 with Figs 46-47) and by leg III being distinctly longer than leg II.

Description of male (holotype)

Colouration: Carapace uniformly dull dark brown; abdomen dorsally almost uniformly light grey, with a faintly lighter zone in cardiac region, ventrally light grey, slightly yellowish; chelicerae uniformly brown; sternum and ventral side of leg coxae light brown; labium and maxillae darker brown; PMS creamy white, PLS light yellowish; legs generally light brown, proximally slightly darker than distally; palps slightly darker brown than legs, dorsal side of femora of all limbs dark brown, generally ranging from brown proximally to light yellow distally.

Carapace (Figs 27, 29): Roundish in dorsal view, slightly longer than wide (w/l = 0.9), with thickened rim around lateral and caudal margins, texture of cuticle finely granular, wrinkled along the edges, glabrous except for few fine bristles on cephalic part. Fovea procurved and regularly crescent-shaped, with thickened posterior rim. Cephalic part regularly curved upward, with a narrow depression directly posterior of eye group, thoracic part of carapace gradually curving downward from fovea (Fig. 29). Clypeus narrow; ocular process almost touching anterior carapace edge. Eye group twice as wide as long (EL/PR = 0.5), slightly trapezoidal, PR slightly wider than AR (AR/PR = 1.06), AME on low mound, anterior eyes grey, posterior eyes pearly white.

Chelicerae (Fig. 31): Dorsally with two wide glabrous zones separated by longitudinal bands with fine bristles, these distally merging with a field of stronger bristles and apical rastellar teeth; ventral fang groove dentate along both edges, teeth in both rows separated and irregularly arranged; fang long and sharp; rastellar teeth on a low mound.

Ventral side of cephalothorax: Sternum slightly longer than wide (w/l = 0.9), roughly oval in shape, widest between coxae II and III, sigilla indistinct. Labium wider than long (w/l = 1.2), roundish, dome-shaped, without cuspules. Maxillae roughly rectangular, without cuspules or distal prolateral heel.

Palps (Fig. 33): Tibia and femur strongly elongated. Cymbium dorsally with small group of 4-5 clavate trichobothria, spines absent. Femur with curved, short, thorn-like spines dorsally in distal half of segment. Bulb (Figs 23-26) with proximal part pyriform (Fig. 24), longer than embolus. Embolus proximally wide, medially abruptly narrowing (Fig. 23), distally bent, with a ‘nose-shaped’ part extending beyond sperm duct pore (best seen in ventral and dorsal views, Figs 23, 25).

Legs: Tarsi spineless, spines present on all other segments, trochanter spines small. Leg I with strong spines on the prolateral side of patella, on prolateral and ventral side of tibia and on ventral side of metatarsus; patella III with spines on all sides and with a distinctive transverse spine row along dorsodistal margin. Tarsi I and II with thin scopula (absent from tarsi III and IV), few clavate trichobothria dorsally in proximal half of segment (absent from tarsus IV).

Paired claws: Anterior legs with short rows of 3-4 teeth grouped together (Fig. 34), posterior legs with rows of only 1-2 teeth; third claw small, unarmed and curved.

Abdomen: Ovoid in dorsal view, soft, with fine bristles evenly spaced.

Spinnerets: As in female (see below).

Measurements: TBL 9.8; CL 3.9; CW 3.5; CP 2.2; AR 0.78; PR 0.83; EL 0.39; dALE 0.26; dPLE 0.14; dAME 0.13; dPME 0.13; diAME 0.07; diPME 0.23; SL 2.1; SW 1.8; LL 0.6; LW 0.8; MaxL 1.4; PaL 8.9 (0.6 + 2.7 + 2.0 + 3.6); LL1 12.7 (1.2 + 2.7 + 2.7 + 2.0 + 4.1); LL2 11.6 (1.2 + 2.6 + 2.4 + 1.7 + 3.7); LL3 11.0 (1.5 + 2.9 + 1.9 + 1.6 + 3.1); LL4 14.0 (1.6 + 3.7 + 3.0 + 1.7 + 4.0) BuL 1.01; BuW 0.41; EmL 0.37.

Description of female (allotype)

Colouration: Carapace yellow, abdomen light grey, other body parts as in male.

Carapace (Figs 28, 30): Cuticle smooth, with few bristles of very different lengths and strengths widely distributed over cephalic part and with very few fine bristles on thoracic part. Cephalic part elevated, curving upward from ocular mound before descending steeply down to fovea (Fig. 30). Thoracic part almost straight, gently sloping down from fovea to posterior carapace margin. Fovea procurved, slightly recurving at both ends.

Chelicerae: Stronger than in male; rastellum with four strong apical teeth in a transverse row on a distinct elevation; parallel rows of strong teeth on each side of fang groove.

Ventral side of cephalothorax (Fig. 32): Sternum as in male (SW/SL = 0.9). Labium as in male, but with small group of two to three apical cuspulus. Maxillae, as in male, prolateral distal heel absent, with groups of about 14 sharp pointed cuspules along proximal margin.

Palps: Tarsus with dorsal groups of 7 clavate trichobothria, tarsus and tibia with dense lateral groups of mainly curvy spines over entire lengths of segments (as illustrated for L. huberi sp. nov. in Fig. 43), tarsal claw smooth or with one sharp proximal tooth (Fig. 36).

Legs: Posterior two pairs of legs stronger than anterior two pairs, tarsal clavate trichobothria as in male, distal two segments of legs I and II with bands of spines on their lateral surfaces (as illustrated for L. huberi sp. nov. in Fig. 44), more dorsally situated spines in these groups short and curvy, more ventrally situated spines longer and straight; bands of spines on tibiae reduced. Spines on patella and metatarsus III situated dorsally; no trochanter spines as in male, but long bristles instead.

Paired claws (Fig. 35): With single proximal tooth (reduced on leg IV).

Abdomen: Larger than in male.

Spinnerets: PMS digitiform, with few fine distal spigots. PLS with macrospigots only distally on median segment (Fig. 37). Proximal segment as wide as long, cylindrical, with few fine distal spigots; median segment short, with double row of distal macrospigots; distal segment very short, knob-shaped, with apical field of fine spigots.

Spermathecae (Figs 38-39): Monopartite, very short, dome-shaped, with numerous vesicles on surface giving them a raspberry-like appearance.

Measurements (allotype): TBL 14.2; CL 4.3; CW 3.6; CP 2.7; AR 0.84; PR 0.89; EL 0.62; dALE 0.24; dPLE 0.17; dAME 0.12; dPME 0.17; diAME 0.08; diPME 0.31; SL 2.6; SW 2.2; LL 0.7; LW 0.9; MaxL 1.6; PaL 8.0 (1.7 + 1.8 + 1.7 + 2.8); LL1 8.6 (0.9 + 1.3 + 1.7 + 1.8 + 2.9); LL2 7.4 (0.9 + 1.1 + 1.4 + 1.6 + 2.4); LL3 8.0 (1.2 + 1.4 + 1.1 + 1.8 + 2.5); LL4 10.5 (1.3 + 2.0 + 2.1 + 1.9 + 3.2); Int 0.24; Ext 0.63.

Measurements (paratype): TBL 12.9; CL 4.2; CW 3.6; CP 2.7; AR 0.77; PR 0.83; EL 0.40; dALE 0.26; dPLE 0.17; dAME 0.12; dPME 0.14; diAME 0.06; diPME 0.32; SL 2.4; SW 2.2; LL 0.7; LW 0.9; MaxL 1.4; PaL 7.3 (1.6 + 1.6 + 1.5 + 2.6); LL1 7.8 (0.9 + 1.1 + 1.4 + 1.7 + 2.7); LL2 6.6 (0.8 + 1.0 + 1.1 + 1.4 + 2.3); LL3 7.4 (1.1 + 1.3 + 1.1 + 1.6 + 2.3); LL4 9.5 (1.2 + 1.7 + 1.9 + 1.8 + 2.9); Int 0.30; Ext 0.66.

Biology: The specimens examined were collected from burrows dug into the loamy floor of a limestone cave at the coast. The cave itself was not flooded during high tide, but its surroundings were. The burrows were distinctly longer than the spider inhabitants and equipped with a single, thick, cork-shaped trapdoor. Several burrows were found close to each other, which is unusual for SE-Asian Ummidiinae.

Types: MHNG, sample SV-03/04; female holotype (ID: PS-020), 3 female paratypes (ID: PS-018, PS-019, PS-021, PS-023); Vietnam, Kien Giang Prov., Mui Nai Beach; WGS84 10.37856, 104.44864; altitude 5 to 50 m; 10.08.2003; leg. P. J. Schwendinger.

Etymology: The species is named after Siegfried Huber (Mühlhofen, Germany), an expert collector of cryptozoic arachnids, several of which belong to species new to science.

Diagnosis: Females are very similar to those of L. schwendingeri sp. nov. described above, but different in the, on average, larger size of adult females (CL 5.7, SD = 0.5, n = 5 versus CL 4.2-4.3, n = 2 in L. schwendingeri sp. nov.), in the distinctly darker coloured abdomen (compare Fig. 40 with Fig. 28 and Fig. 52 with Fig. 51), in the relative lengths of leg II and leg III (see diagnosis of L. schwendingeri female above) and in the longer, straight, tube-shaped receptacles of the spermathecae (Figs 46-47).

Description of female (holotype)

Colouration: Carapace brown, thoracic part slightly lighter than cephalic part, abdomen dorsally uniformly dark grey, ventrally light grey, chelicerae uniformly dark brown, sternum and ventral side of leg coxae yellowish brown, labium and maxillae darker brown, PMS light grey, PLS light yellowish, legs generally light brown, ventrally yellowish.

Carapace (Figs 40-41): Longer than wide (CW/CL = 0.8), posteriorly narrowing, cuticle smooth, glabrous except for some fine bristles on elevated cephalic part. Cephalic part only slightly rising behind ocular process and then descending steeply to fovea (Fig. 41), thoracic part gradually descending from fovea to posterior carapace margin. Fovea procurved, slightly recurving at both ends.

Chelicerae: Rastellum composed of strong teeth grouped on a distinct process; parallel rows of strong, teeth along sides of fang groove; teeth in retrolateral row strongest. Ventral side of cephalothorax (Fig. 42): Sternum longer than wide (SW/SL = 0.9). Sigilla fused, impression indistinct. Labium cone-shaped, anteriorly truncated, proximally wider than long (LW/LL = 1.3), apically with a group of three sharp pointed cuspules. Maxillae roughly rectangular, with distinct proximal ‘heel’ and with groups of 10-12 sharp pointed cuspules along proximal margin, distal prolateral heel absent.

Palp: Tarsus (Fig. 43) with dorsal groups of 4-5 clavate trichobothria, tarsus and tibia with dense lateral bands of mainly curvy spines over entire lengths of segments, tarsal claw with small proximal tooth.

Legs: Posterior two pairs of legs stronger than anterior two pairs, with few clavate trichobothria proximally on tarsi I (Fig. 44) and II, reduced on tarsus III and absent from tarsus IV. Distal two segments of legs I and II with bands of spines on their lateral surfaces (Fig. 44), more dorsal spines in these groups short and curvy, more ventral spines longer and straight, tibial spine groups restricted to distal half of segment. Spines on patella and metatarsus III situated dorsally, trochanter without modifications.

Paired claws (Fig. 44): With single proximal tooth (smaller on claws of leg IV).

Abdomen: Ovoid, evenly covered with fine bristles, few larger bristles in anterior part of dorsal area.

Spinnerets: PMS digitiform, with few fine distal spigots. PLS with macrospigots only distally on median segment (Fig. 45). Proximal segment as wide as long, cylindrical, with few fine distal spigots; median segment short, with double row of distal macrospigots; distal segment very short, knob-shaped, with apical field of fine spigots.

Spermathecae (Figs 46-47): Monopartite, two column-shaped receptacles almost parallel to each other, with numerous berry-like vesicles.

Measurements (holotype): TBL 16.4; CL 6.2; CW 5.0; CP 3.9; AR 1.08; PR 1.12; EL 0.58; dALE 0.37; dPLE 0.24; dAME 0.14; dPME 0.18; diAME 0.14; diPME 0.40; SL 3.6; SW 3.2; LL 0.9; LW 1.2; MaxL 2.2; PaL 10.3 (2.1 + 2.3 + 2.3 + 3.6); LL1 11.0 (1.0 + 1.6 + 2.2 + 2.5 + 3.7); LL2 9.8 (1.1 + 1.5 + 1.8 + 2.2 + 3.2); LL3 9.7 (1.4 + 1.8 + 1.3 + 2.2 + 3.0); LL4 12.9 (1.5 + 2.6 + 2.4 + 2.6 + 3.8); Int 0.35; Ext 0.63.

Variation in measurements of females (n = 4): TBL 13.7-16.4; CL 5.0-6.2; CW 4.3-5.0; CP 3.2-3.9; AR 0.90-1.08; PR 0.98-1.12; EL 0.51-0.58; dALE 0.29-0.37; dPLE 0.18-0.24; dAME 0.12-0.14; dPME 0.15-18; diAME 0.11-0.14; diPME 0.32-0.41; SL 3.1-3.6; SW 2.7-3.2; LL 0.9; LW 1.1-1.2; MaxL 1.9-2.2; PaL 9.0-10.3; LL1 9.3-11.0; LL2 8.2-9.8; LL3 8.5-9.7; LL4 10.9-12.9; Int 0.25-0.35, Ext 0.55-0.63.

Biology: The type specimens were collected from earthbanks along a road near the coast, where such spiders appeared to be quite abundant (unusual for SE-Asian Ummidiinae). Their burrows were quite long (5-8 cm) and equipped with a single, cork-shaped trapdoor, much like in L. schwendingeri sp. nov.