A collection of porcellanid crabs from Guadeloupe Island, Caribbean Sea Lesser Antilles, is reported. The specimens were obtained during the KARUBENTHOS Expedition (V.2012), a 1-month intensive survey of selected habitats in shallow-water to moderate depth (intertidal to 160 m). A total of 20 species were found, 15 of which represent new records for Guadeloupe Island. Almost all species were photographed in color shortly after capture. For each species, a diagnosis, notes on habitat, geographical distribution, and taxonomic remarks, are given. The 20 species of porcellanid crabs found in Guadeloupe Island represent 54% of a total of 37 species known from the entire Lesser Antilles (Anguilla to Trinidad) and the islands off Venezuela (Testigos to Aruba). The richness of the porcellanid fauna of Guadeloupe Island indicates a high biodiversity potential in other decapod crustaceans or invertebrates in general, living in marine habitats of this Island.

Two new species of the genus Lophoturus Brolemann, 1931 are described from three caves on Christmas Island. Lophoturus speophilus n. sp., from Jedda Cave and Jane up Cave, is the second species of Penicillata known with troglomorphic characters, having elongate antennae and legs, and the telotarsus bearing four sternal spiniform and lamellate processes on the claw, in addition to the two latero-dorsal denticles found in all Lophoproctidae. Lophoturus humphreysi n. sp. is described from material collected in 19th Hole cave and compared to other species of the genus. Lophoturus obscurus catalai Condé & Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, 1977 and Lophoturus obscurus tongae Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin & Condé, 1982 are raised to species rank.

A new species of the genus Isocolus Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Aylacini) is described. It induces galls on the capitula of Centaurea ornata Willd. (Asteraceae), an endemic of the Iberian Peninsula. Isocolus melikai Pujade-Villar n. sp. is morphologically closely related to I. freidbergi Melika, 2008, forming gall on C. verutum L., 1755, and endemic to the North West of the Arabian Peninsula. Urophora cuspidata (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera, Tephritidae) has also been obtained from similar galls on C. ornata. Isocolus melikai Pujade-Villar n. sp. was found in 16 of the 326 inflorescences (capitula) sampled, while both species (I. melikai Pujade-Villar n. sp. and U. cuspidata) were found together only in three of these capitula. The galls are also described and a probable parasitoid of Ormyrus Westwood, 1832 (Hymenoptera, Ormyridae) is mentioned. The most important characteristics to differentiate adults and galls are illustrated. Biological data are provided showing that I. melikai Pujade-Villar n. sp. is bivoltine.

Previous evidence regarding morphology led us to examine an exhaustive set of specimens assigned to Alpheus heterochaelis Say, 1818 and closely allied species, in order to test for the existence of possible cryptic taxa. The analysis of material assignable to this species from the states of Pará, Bahia and São Paulo in Brazil, and from Venezuela and Colombia revealed minor morphological differences between these specimens and others that could be confidently identified as A. heterochaelis from the eastern USA coast and the Gulf of Mexico, such as the absence of spiniform setae on the ischium of the fifth pereiopods (vs present in A. heterochaelis s.s.). Additionally, genetic analysis using the ribosomal 16S subunit also indicated levels of genetic difference supporting the existence of a cryptic species and revealing that A. heterochaelis is, in fact, a species complex. Thus, a new species, A. petronioi n. sp. is described and illustrated for the material from northern South America and Brazil. The new species is also compared with other, similar species of Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 in terms of morphology and DNA sequences in a phylogenetic context.

A new cicada genus and species, Zaphsa princeps n. gen., n. sp., is described from India. Four subtribes, Dundubiina Atkinson, 1886, Megapomponiina Lee n. subtr., Orientopsaltriina Lee n. subtr., and Aolina Boulard, 2012, are placed in Dudubiini Atkinson, 1886 of the subfamily Cicadinae Latreille, 1802. The new genus Zaphsa n. gen. is placed in Aolina. Mata Distant, 1906 is transferred to Oncotympanina Ishihara, 1961.

Pierre Auguste Broussonet appears to be the first researcher engaged in the study of the fishes from the Portuguese collections on Natural History, and especially the Royal Museum of Ajuda collections, including the utmost important one collected in Brazil by Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira. He also dealt with the collection of fishes from the Royal Academy of Sciences, the institution that supported him during his stay of approximately four months in Lisbon, where he arrived sometime in September or October 1794. An experienced Naturalist, especially on Ichthyology, he produced a pioneer work on an entirely unknown collection, that of the Royal Academy of Sciences of Lisbon. This collection had certainly been transferred from the Royal Natural History Museum at Ajuda. Our present status of knowledge is largely based on documents from the Bibliothèque Centrale of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. The document on fishes from the Academy's Museum (Table 3) is evidence for the intervention of Broussonet. This document is therefore and by far the more important one as far as Broussonet's intervention is concerned. Broussonet is thus a remarkable pioneer of the scientific cooperation between Portugal and France.

In this study I review and revise the nine species of Cardiodactylus Saussure, 1878 crickets described before 1915, based on detailed analysis of the type specimens studied in several institutions, together with a critical review of the original descriptions. Seven species are thus confirmed or re-established as valid species (C. novaeguineae (Hann, 1842), C. canotus Saussure, 1878, C. gaimardi (Serville, 1838), C. haani Saussure, 1878, C. guttulus (Matsumura, 1913), C. pictus Saussure, 1878 and C. rufidulus Saussure, 1878), then assigned to a species group and redescribed by combining information from old type series and newer material; two species are considered as nomen dubium (new status or confirmation of previous hypotheses: C. praecipuus (Walker, 1869) and C. philippinensis Bolívar, 1913); and two species described recently are synonymised with older species (C. boharti Otte, 2007 under C. guttulus, C. tathimani Otte, 2007 under C. rufidulus).