A tree boa (Sanzania Madagascariensis) developed a fatal respiratory disease 3 months after importation from Madagascar. Twelve adult pentastomids, Armillifer brumpti Giglioli 1922, and numerous pentastomid ova were found in the lung and air sac. Chronic irritation of the lung by the parasite and a bacterial infection probably caused death. A literature search indicated that this is the first recorded observation of A. brumpti in the Americas, and that Armillifer species have not been found in native American snakes.