The genus MorphnodesHebard, 1930 is restored from synonymy with RhabdoblattaKirby, 1903. Detailed morphological descriptions of Morphna maculata (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865), the type species of the genus MorphnaShelford, 1910, of Morphnodes goliath (Shelford, 1906), Pseudocalolampra inexpectataRoth & Princis, 1971, and Colapteroblatta compsaHebard, 1919, the type species of the genus ColapteroblattaHebard, 1919, are given. The male genitalia of Morphna maculata and Morphnodes goliath and the ovipositor and adjacent structures of M. maculata and C. compsa are described for the first time. Relationships of the genera Morphna, Morphnodes and Rhabdoblatta are briefly discussed.

A new species of the genus Sunius Stephens, 1829 is described from the Karaman province of central southern Anatolia: Sunius tauricus sp. n. Additional records of seven species and two subspecies of Sunius from the western Mediterranean region are reported. A total of 38 species are now known from Turkey, 34 of them are endemic.

Several hydroids, corresponding to various morphotypes included earlier in the synonymy of Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913), occur in materials obtained recently from Indonesia and the Maldives, or are housed in the collection of the Muséum d'histoire naturelle of Geneva, Switzerland. Among them, new specimens, indistinguishable morphologically from the lectotype, are fully redescribed, together with the so-called variety sibogaeBillard, 1913. While the latter displays in life an original, not yet documented coloration (bright yellow cauline polyps contrasting with their pure white cladial counterparts), the former is uniformly yellow throughout. This feature, combined with a series of morphological differences, demonstrates that we are dealing with a well-characterized species, whose name should be H. sibogae (Billard, 1913). The so far unknown gonothecae of the latter are described for the first time, together with the males of the nominal species. The taxonomy of H. polymorpha is analyzed in-depth and reassessed, where available also using 16S DNA sequences. Morphological traits can be used to split the species complex and allow the separation of three as yet undescribed species, H. australis from New Caledonia and French Polynesia, H. millardae from the Maldives and the Seychelles, and H. brasiliensis from Brazil. Additionally, new records of H. vervoortiGalea, 2008 extend its known geographical distribution to Madagascar, the Maldives and Indonesia, while some literature records suggest that it could spread as far as Australia, Japan and Fiji. All species are fully described and illustrated, and their morphology is compared to that of their related congeners.

Three species of long-eared bats (Plecotus auritus, P. macrobullaris and P. austriacus) are known to occur in sympatry in Western Europe. They share very similar morphological characters that complicate their reliable discrimination. As a consequence, many records from these areas are reported to the generic level only and the exact distribution of species is uncertain. Even cranial characters are ambiguous since discriminant values traditionally used to identify those species vary with geography. We present a novel use of molecular tools to identify reliably the three cryptic species of long-eared bats. The methods proposed here for time- and cost-effective molecular identification of Plecotus species are applied to variously degraded samples such as ancient museum specimens and guano samples collected under roosts. We used this molecular approach to identify over 810 samples and reassess the distribution range of the three species occurring in Switzerland. We further showed that some skull measurements used for species recognition overlap to a greater extent than anticipated and can be misleading for morphologically intermediate individuals.

The genus Yunodorylus comprises four named species known exclusively from the Indo-Chinese and Indo-Malayan subregions. The queen and male of the genus were unknown until recently. However, the subdichtadiigyne was firstly discovered from two colonies of Y. eguchii (Borowiec, 2009), and described by Eguchi et al. in 2016. Then, the present authors discovered a colony of Yunodorylus doryloides (Borowiec, 2009) with a subdichthadiigyne and herein describe the subdichthadiigyne. The subdichtadiigyne of Y. doryloides is morphologically similar to that of Y. eguchii, but it can be distinguished by the combination of the following morphological characters: mandible elongate and slender, with the edge behind the basalmost tooth of the masticatory margin almost straight; lateroclypeal teeth rounded; mesosoma in dorsal view slenderer in the former than in the latter; mesonotum in dorsal view distinctly longer than broad in the former, but almost as long as broad in the latter; anterior margin of mesopleuron without a small lobe; metanotal groove in dorsal view faintly recognized; ventral margin of metapleuron almost straight; petiole in dorsal view narrower and longer in the former than in the latter; pygidium apically without any specialized setae.

A new species of cockroach, Pycnoscelus schwendingeri sp. nov., is reported from Cambodia. A detailed morphological description of the new species is given. Pycnoscelus surinamensis and P. striatus are redescribed. The structure of the female genital complex, i.e. anal and genital plates, ovipositor and adjacent structures, of Pycnoscelus surinamensis and the male genitalia of P. striatus are redescribed in detail.

Taxonomic notes on the spider genus NasoonaLocket, 1982 are provided. Six species are described as new: Nasoona indianа sp. nov. (male) and N. orissa sp. nov. (male) from the Oriental part of India; N. intuberosa sp. nov. (male and female), N. kinabalu sp. nov. (male and female) and N. sabah sp. nov. (male and female) from Borneo, as well as N. sulawesi sp. nov. (male) from northern Sulawesi. The female of N. comata (Tanasevitch, 1998) from Nepal is described for the first time. Nasoona nigromaculataGao, Fei & Xing, 1996 is transferred to OedothoraxBertkau in Förster & Bertkau, 1883. New faunistic data on N. comata (Tanasevitch, 1998), N. chrysanthusiLocket, 1982, N. crucifera (Thorell, 1895) and N. prominulaLocket, 1982 are given. The distribution of the genus can be characterized as disjunct Oriental-Neotropical.

Using 16S, COI, and ITS DNA sequences, it was possible to link a Norwegian marine hydroid formerly known as Leuckartiara abyssi (G.O. Sars, 1874) to a Neoturris medusa occurring in the same region. Although the Norwegian medusae showed some slight morphological differences to Mediterranean Neoturris pileata, DNA sequence comparisons show that they must be conspecific. A Mediterranean specimen of N. pileata showed less sequence divergences to the Norwegian Neoturris than was found within this latter population. The morphological differences are likely only age- and environmentally related. Leuckartiara abyssi is thus a subjective synonym of Neoturris pileata (Forsskål, 1775). The sequence analyses were embedded in a comparison with other members of the family Pandeidae. Contrary to the case for most other hydrozoans investigated, 16S sequences show very little divergences within the genus Catablema and it is thus not a good barcoding marker for this genus. COI sequences showed about three times greater divergence than 16S within selected pandeid species clades and are more suitable to investigate Catablema species, although also for COI the divergences within this group remain rather small. Catablema nodulosumBigelow, 1913 was found to be most likely conspecific with Catablema vesicarium (A. Agassiz, 1862) and was therefore accepted only as a subspecies of the latter, thus following the opinion of most other prominent taxonomists of the last century. Medusae referred to Catablema multicirratumKishinouye, 1910 originating from either the NE Pacific or the Eurasian sector of the Arctic Sea could belong to two distinct species.

The medusa Leuckartiara longicalcar n. spec. is described and illustrated. It occurs along the coast of North America from British Columbia to California and has been confused previously with L. octona (Fleming, 1823).

The new species Prototheora katangensis Landry & Davis and P. tanzaniensis Davis & Landry are respectively described from the Haut-Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and from the Makete District of Tanzania. The collecting localities are the northernmost known thus far for the genus Prototheora Meyrick.

The swimming gonophore of Ventromma halecioides (Alder, 1859) is described for the first time. It is a short-lived cryptomedusoid, provided with a well-formed, elongated-ovoid umbrella with thick mesoglea which, in turn, lacks a gastrovascular system, tentacles and tentacle bulbs, as well as sense organs. Its solid spadix is attached laterally to the blastostyle, and is surrounded by a compact mass of gametes, filling completely the subumbrellar cavity. The bell margin is provided with a raised collar comprising numerous refringent granules, and a velum is present. Scattered pseudostenoteles occur on exumbrella, while transversely-set muscle cells line the subumbrella.

Henri de Saussure and Jean Carl were both prolific taxonomists who worked on many groups. Both paid some attention to the terrestrial isopods, although neither was mainly concerned with the order Isopoda. The Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève contains type specimens of nine species described by Saussure and eleven species or subspecies described by Carl. All of the species described by the two are enumerated, the presence of type specimens is noted and the current nomenclatural combination for each species is given.

Kalliste pavonum is described as a new genus and new species of harvestmen based on males and females from the mountains of the island of Corsica, France. The new genus is characterized by male genitalia (massive truncus penis without distinct base, with extended penial muscle, dorsal subapical triangular tooth on stylus), pro-lateral apophyses on pedipalpal femur (female only), patella and tibia, two denticles with filiform apex on ventral side of palpal claw, large ocularium and minute body size. Superficially, the new species appears to be related to European genera with armed pedipalps, both together forming a basked-like structure, as found in Rilaena, Megabunus, Metaplatybunus, Lophopilio and Platybunus. However, they all differ from Kalliste gen. nov. by male genitalic characters and details of palpal armament. Apparently, Platybunus is the least closely related of these genera. Kalliste seems to be a rather isolated genus and species without close relatives within the West Palaearctic phalangiid assemblage.

The Achilia frontalis species group (sensuJeannel, 1962, 1964) of the species-rich genus AchiliaReitter, 1890 is revised. Of the thirteen taxa placed in this group of species, five names are here synonymised: A. validicornisJeannel, 1962 = A. excisa (Schaufuss, 1880) (syn. nov.), A. pseudovalidicornisFranz, 1996 = A. pachyceraJeannel, 1963 (syn. nov.), A. acicularisJeannel, 1962 = A. testaceaJeannel, 1962 (syn. nov.), A. foveifronsJeannel, 1962 = A. frontalisJeannel, 1962 (syn. nov.), and A. validicorniformisFranz, 1996 = A. larvata (Reitter, 1885) (syn. nov.). Lectotypes are designated for A. excisa and A. validicornis. The remaining eight species are redescribed, their main diagnostic features are illustrated, their distributions are detailed, and data available on habitat/collecting are summarised. Two new species – Achilia traucosp. nov. and Achilia fiurasp. nov. – are also described and added to the group, while A. longispinaFranz, 1996, is removed from it.

Two new subterranean pseudoscorpion species are described from caves of northern Albania: Neobisium (Blothrus) latellai n. sp. and Neobisium (Blothrus) valsuanii n. sp. A new subjective synonym [Neobisium (Blothrus) albanorum Ćurčić, Dimitrijević, Rađa & Vujčić-Karlo, 2006 = Neobisium (Blothrus) georgecastriotae Ćurčić, Dimitrijević & Rađa, 2006] is proposed and a key to adults of the Neobisium (Blothrus) species from Albania is provided.