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Sequences of the nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region were analysed for 113 representative species of 59 genera of Compositae-Anthemideae to ascertain the systematic position of the three unispecific Mediterranean genera Daveaua, Leucocyclus and Nananthea. Daveaua anthemoides is found to be a member of a well supported clade of genera around the closely-knit Leucanthemum group, being a candidate (together with Heteromera and Otospermum) for a sister-group of this assemblage. For Leucocyclus formosus, which was considered to be closely related to Anacyclus due to its dorsiventrally flattened achenes, a position close to or even among representatives of Achillea is demonstrated, corroborating alleged relationships suggested by the flavonoid complements of these genera. Nananthea perpusilla, hitherto considered to be close to Anthemis due to its tetrasporic embryo sac development, is found to be more closely related to Tripleurospermum, which also shares the tetrasporic embryo sac and the indumentum of basifixed hairs.
For the treatment of the Hedera taxa present in the territories included in the Euro+Med PlantBase project a new name is required and here validated, Hedera rhizomatifera, based on Hedera helix subsp. rhizomatifera.
Chromosome numbers of nine taxa from nine families of Calabrian angiosperms are reported: Aizoonhispanicum 2n = 32, Aristida adscensionis subsp. coerulescens 2n = 22, Galium palaeoitalicum 2n = 20, Lavandula multifida 2n = 22, Ludwigia palustris 2n = 16, Menyanthes trifoliata 2n = 54, Ranunculus fontanus 2n = 48, Salsola oppositifolia 2n = 72, Soldanella calabrella 2n = 40. The reports for Aizoon hispanicum, Aristida adscensionis subsp. coerulescens, Lavandula multifida and Salsola oppositifolia are the first from Italian populations. Mitotic metaphase microphotographs and drawings are presented for all taxa studied. Brief comments are given on karyotype morphology, cytogeography and relationships of selected taxa.
Finding the recently described Arundo hellenica in Italy initiated a study on the identity of taxa related to A. plinii, in the field, in the literature and in several herbaria. According to the somewhat preliminary results, besides A. donax with nodding leaves, three species with upright leaves are proposed for recognition in the Mediterranean. Their distribution and ecology are still incompletely known. A. plinii in its original sense is shown to be a 1–2 m high riparian plant, so far confirmed to occur in N Italy, S France and, perhaps, NE Spain. A. mediterranea is described as a new species for the illegitimately named A. mauritanica of Desfontaines, which has hitherto been erroneously recorded as “A. plinii” and is a caespitose reed with 1–5 m long obliquely erect culms that branch already in the first year; it grows on alluvial clayey soils or high river terraces along temporary water courses of N Africa, Israel, Cyprus, Greece, Crete, Lebanon and possibly other East Mediterranean countries. A. collina, including the recently described A. hellenica, is the lowest (0.5-2 [-3] m) and most drought resistant Arundo of the Mediterranean and forms monotypic grasslands on clay in badlands, on hill slopes up to 300 m, on sides of newly constructed roads, etc. and is currently known to occur in S Italy, mainland Greece and Crete.
Silene rothmaleri, described in 1956 by Pinto da Silva based on a single herbarium specimen collected in 1945, has been considered as extinct following unsuccessful searches at its locus classicus, the Ponta de Sagres. At nearby Cabo de São Vicente, a small population of at least 10 individuals exists, discovered in spring 2000 and more leisurely studied in 2004. The macro- and micromorphology of the revenant species are described and illustrated.
The goal of this research project was to carry out a thorough floristic survey of weeds in the traditional agriculture of the South Aegean island of Crete, Greece. Fieldwork was carried out by the authors from 2.4.-7.5.2003. Fifty cultivated localities were surveyed, at which 2455 plant records and 483 herbarium gatherings were made. Living material was collected for cytological investigation at UPA. A relational database of the results (localities, taxa observed, herbarium specimens, living material) was created and is placed online as an electronic supplement (wi.34.34206_supplemental_content.pdf). The collections and observations were critically evaluated, and a catalogue of the taxa recorded at each locality is provided here. Distributional notes are provided on significant records and selected weed species that are indicators of (obligate to) traditional agriculture.
New localities on the Crimean Peninsula of the rare species Trifolium grandiflorum, Holosteummarginatum, Minuartia pseudohybrida and M. wiesneri are reported. Their presence on Crimea is thus confirmed and their known distribution range extended. Maps of the Crimean distribution of these species are given. Minuartia hybrida subsp. turcica is excluded from the flora of Crimea.
A list of botanists who have worked in Benin and made collections is provided. Biographical data, the number of samples gathered and the herbaria where the collections are deposited are given, so far as known. It becomes apparent that only few botanists have collected larger numbers of samples and that in Europe only few herbaria house a good collection from Benin.
During the fieldwork for a monograph of the genus Eryngium, a new species was found. It is described as E. trisectum and illustrated. Only one locality, a serpentine habitat in the Central Taurus region of Turkey, is known thus far. The new species belongs to E. sect. Palmito and is closest related to the calcicolous E. palmito. For this section, a key to its now five species and a table of the most important features are presented.
Focussing again on the chorology of vascular plants in Cyprus, the present notes summarize contributions by various authors. This instalment includes data on 164 taxa. Chenopodium striatiforme and C. strictum are new for the island. Taxonomic considerations result in the validation of the new combination Hedera pastuchovii subsp. cypria. Lactuca triquetra, a remarkable but much neglected endemic of Cyprus and Lebanon, is discussed as regards its taxonomy, distribution and ecology; its chromosome number (2n = 18) is given for the first time.
Crypsis hadjikyriakou is described as a new species from the Troodos range of Cyprus and illustrated. Its relationship with other species of the genus is discussed and ecological data about its habitat are given.
A monograph of Bakırlı Dağı, the northern summit range of the eastern Beydağları in the Western Taurus Mts, Turkey, is given. It includes an annotated floristic catalogue of 539 taxa and a survey of the high mountain vegetation. For eight taxa considerable distribution range extensions are reported. Seventeen taxa are new records for the Flora of Turkey grid C3. Distribution maps are presented for Helichrysum plicatum subsp. isauricum and Poa akmanii. Minuartia dianthifolia s.l. is revised; its subsp. cataonica and subsp. kurdica are sunk in synonymy of the ‘type’ subspecies. Two taxa, M. dianthifolia var. longipetala and M. xantalyensis are described as new to science. The diagnosis of the recently described Arab is lycia is amended for carpological characters. The flora in general is characterised as rich in endemics (28.2 %) of chiefly E Mediterranean (montane) origin and enhanced proportions of E Mediterranean and Irano-Anatolian chorotypes as mono- or virginals, reflecting the position of the study area at the coastal face of the Taurus, which is situated at the intersection of Mediterranean and Irano-Turania territories. In spite of increasing human impact by skiing and cattle-breeding, the conation of the sublime vegetation belts remained chiefly intact, whereas the boreal forests have been largely replaced by xerophytes secondary dwarf shrub communities. A total of 13 selvática plant communities (in psychosociologie terms) are distinguished in altitudes between 1800–2547 m, each briefly treated in site-ecological and embryological respects and classified uneconomically. Due to a taxonomically necessary correction, the combination Atinemos lycia-Laserpicio pedophilia subas's. arbeidsethos lycia is made. A vegetation profile of Bakırlı Dağı has been established, showing additionally the distribution of the different chorotypes within the communities along an altitudinal transect.
Nineteen records of vascular plant species are added to the known flora of the phytogeographical region Khentej in northern Mongolia. Of these, six species and one subspecies, i.e., Calamagrostis×kuznetzovii, Cystopteris sudetica, Dryopteris expansa, Poa skvortzovii, Pyrola minor, Spiraea dahurica and Calamagrostis inexpansa subsp. micrantha are new to Mongolia.
Four new species and one new subspecies are described from Cuba: Thelypteris minutissima, T.crassipila, T. jarucoensis, T. leonina and T. sclerophylla subsp. latifolia. New records for Cuba are T.abrupta, T. alata and T. alata var. subpinnata, the latter name being a new combination validated here.
Philodendron cardosoi is described as a species new to science and illustrated. It is a member of P. subg. Philodendron sect. Polytomium and is so far only known from the type locality in the southeast of the Brasilian state of Pará.
The genus Isostigma, which is restricted in its distribution to eastern South America, ranging from Brazil to N Argentina, is revised for Paraguay and eight species are recognized to occur. I. herzogii is reported for the first time from this country (Dept. of Boquerón) and the presence of I. hoffmannii is confirmed (Depts of Boquerón and Chaco); both species are described and illustrated and their distribution is mapped. The other species in Paraguay are I. acaule, I. crithmifolium, I. dissitifolium, I. peucedanifolium, I. riedelii and I. speciosum. A key to all 13 species of Isostigma is provided.
The desert regions of Bahrain island were surveyed for lichens. Although only seven, all crustose, species were found, most of them occurred in all or most of the investigated areas. The presence of one lichenicolous fungus species, Intralichen christiansenii, is also recorded.
An evaluation of literature and recent collections made by Iranian researchers resulted in a list of 396 species of lichenized fungi and eight species of lichenicolous or allied fungi for Iran. Of these, 97 species are new for Iran while some species not confirmed by recent collections are doubtful. Pertinent literature references and, for the newly reported species, locality and collection data are presented.
The present paper is the first in a series of papers typifying names of algae taxa, which Ehrenberg described as new, and illustrating the type specimens. In this paper, 32 diatom names from 18 genera in current use are typified, 58 infrageneric diatom names are evaluated. Diploneis atmosphaerica and Odontella rhomboides are validated as new names. Seven specimens are designated as the types for names of the genera Brebissonia, Gomphonema, Microtabella, Petrodictyon, Raphoneis, Rhopalodia, Zygoceros. Four names are attached to specimens that are either not available or not identifiable because of girdle band view or unrecognizable drawings. Three names are heterotypic synonyms of taxa described earlier. In addition, this paper presents an update on the organization of the Ehrenberg collection after it has been modernized through funds of the AlgaTerra project.
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