Zhuang, X.; Shi, J.; Gao, Y.; Zhang, S., and Lin, T., 2020. Strain SW-Ap immobilized by microspheres to degrade marine oil spills. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 1–6. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the frequent occurrence of marine oil spill accidents, oil spills have caused great damage to the marine environment, marine lives, and human health. In this study, the strain SW-Ap isolated from the petroleum-polluted seawater was identified as Alcanivorax pacificus. The properties of microsphere prepared with 20 g·L^–1 of CaCO₃ and 30 g·L^–1of sodium alginate reaches the optimum values, and 20 g·L^–1 of ethyl cellulose was selected as the best coating material. Under the optimum degradation conditions, the degradation rates of petroleum and Phenanthrene by immobilized strain SW-Aq was 93.1% in 10 days and 85% in 48 hours, respectively. Ten kinds of metabolites and the main degradation pathways can be basically determined in the degradation process of Phenanthrene.

Li, H.; Xu, F., and Wan, F., 2020. Prediction and analysis of the temperature of British Seas in the next 50 years based on the Grey Model. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 7–15. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The increase in temperature in the surface of the ocean will cause great changes in the living environment of fish. The increase in temperature will reduce the solubility of carbon dioxide, the insufficient absorption of carbon in seawater, and will decrease the concentration of dissolved oxygen. Most fish will migrate, and in view of the current global warming trend, they will gradually move their habitats to more suitable temperature areas. To predict the effect of this temperature change on human production and life, we established two mathematical models to predict the temperature and the number of two economic fish populations. Model 1 addresses how quickly the waters around Scotland changed from 1980 to 2070. We used the sea-surface temperature data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ocean Color website for the past 40 years to make predictions for the next 50 years. The Grey prediction model was used to complete a small data sample on the time series to predict a large unknown amount of data. To illustrate the prediction process, a single-point prediction process is chosen as an example. The forecast result isotherms of all forecast areas are also provided. Model 2 uses the data from Model 1. First, the relationship between temperature changes and the number of fish is studied. The quantity of fish that fishermen can catch in the sea area under the best and worst conditions is given, including the time for small fisheries companies to be bankrupt. In the forecasting process, fish living temperature data from the Fishbase website was obtained and a function between temperature and population was established according to a normal distribution model. Furthermore, the minimum fish density and its arriving time, which can make a small fishery company bankrupt under the temperature change, are also completed.

Huang, B.; He, B.; Wu, L., and Lin, Y., 2020. A deep learning approach to detecting ships from high-resolution aerial remote sensing images. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 16–20. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Ship activity has become progressive frequent with maritime safety's evolution. The accurate and fast localization of marine ships is therefore growing increasingly important. Because high-resolution aerial remote sensing (HRARS) images have a high spatial resolution, so automatic ship recognition in HRARS images has gained extensive attention for its vast applications. However, identifying ships from interferences, such as features of clouds, waves, and some land architectures that are similar to ships, is difficult. In this paper, an efficient and robust algorithm to detect ship from HRARS images is proposed. Our ship-detection framework is designed based on a typical deep learning algorithm, which provides exact recognition and locations of ship targets in an automatic feature extraction method. Experimental results on a large quantity of high-resolution images verify that the ship objective's characteristics are represented with effect and the detection performance is significantly promoted.

Dong, H.; Sun, Z.; Li, Z.; Chong, L., and Zhou, H., 2020. Artificial intelligence for predicting local scour depth around piers based on dimensional analysis. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 21–25. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Accurate and reliable prediction of scour depth around bridge piers is essential for bridge engineering. The nondimensional parameters and artificial intelligence algorithms are combined to predict local scour depth. Based on the results of field observation and laboratory tests, five machine-learning models are applied and compared with the Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 18 (HEC-18) formula, which is widely used in the United States. The results show that the machine-learning models are more accurate than the traditional HEC-18 formula and that the neural network models are more suitable for the prediction of bridge pier erosion than the linear regression model.

Ren, Z.; Han, S.; Li, K., and Han, J., 2020. A study of pollutant transport characteristics in Yangtze River Estuary based on the Lagrange's method. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 26–33. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The accumulation of pollutants leads to diminished water quality. To understand the pollutant transport characteristics in offshore areas, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model of the Yangtze River estuary (YRE) and its offshore area was established. On this basis, Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs) in the study waters were extracted and analyzed using FTLE, and the effects of LCSs on pollutant transport in the YRE were investigated using the Lagrangian residual currents and the particle-tracking method. The study results exhibited that finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) ridges representing LCSs separated the body of water into water masses with different transport characteristics. Using LCSs, the circulation structures in the body of water could be revealed, facilitating an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of pollutant accumulation and diffusion in the study waters. This provides an effective basis for marine environmental management.

Feng, P.; Yang, X.; Guo, Q.; Wang, H., and Wan, C., 2020. The application of destress mining technology in deep high stress stope of a submarine mine. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 34–38. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The deep ore rock of a submarine gold mine had strong rock burst tendency. The difference between its maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress was large, and the surrounding rock deformation and failure were serious. A combined regional and local destress mining technology for the high stress submarine environment was proposed and applied to deep stope in coastal deposit. Regionally, the stope structure and stope sequence were optimized to reconstruct the favorable ground stress environment. Locally, the destress engineering was arranged rationally to interfere with the transmission path of the maximum principal stress. Meanwhile, the pillar was supported by flexible cooperative support with shotcrete and anchor net. The (stress and strain) in situ monitoring indicated that the stress in submarine stope appeared three-dimensional balanced distribution after destress, and the surrounding rock deformation of submarine roadway tended to be stable, achieving the expected destress mining effect in coastal high stress deposit.

Jiang, C.; Wang, J.; Zhang, P.; Wang, Y.; Guo, X., and Zhu, L., 2020. Impact of rapid salinity variation on aquaculture organisms caused by water drainage from an estuary sluice. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 39–42. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Salinity is one of the most important factors affecting the survival and distribution of estuarine organisms. The construction of an estuarine gate will change the salinity of seawater and produces a direct impact on marine ecosystems. The variation of salinity and its influence on aquaculture organisms in the Yueqing Bay were revealed by on-site monitoring and comparative analysis during the flood water discharge period of the Jiangxia Drainage Project. The results showed that salinity declined rapidly after the sluice was opened, and the decreasing amplitude and duration were related to the intensity and lasting time of water drainage, as well as the distance to the gate. The seawater salinity could fall to 4‰ in an area where it is close to the gate. During neap tide, salinity's change along the waterway is greater and recovery time is longer than spring tide. Most of aquaculture organisms have limited tolerance to low salinity and its rapid variation. The decrease extent of seawater salinity often exceeds 10‰ during the drainage period, which is unbearable to Sinonovacula constricta and Scylla serrata, etc. Therefore, the construction of estuary sluice and water drainage will affect the growth and survival of marine life.

Xing, Z.; Fu, P., and Huang., L., 2020. Research on the law of bearing capacity of the bucket foundation for offshore wind turbines in clay soil. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 43–48. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The bucket foundation can be used as the foundation of high-rise buildings. An in-depth understanding of the bearing capacity of the foundations is critical to ensure reliable design and safe operation of foundation. Based on the load characteristics of high-rise buildings and the parameters of soil, the authors explore the law of the bearing capacity of bucket foundations in clay soil and summarize the impacts of the ultimate horizontal load and the ultimate bending moment load on the failure of the bucket foundation. The research found that the failure mode of bucket foundations in clay soil was mainly caused by rotation, the optimal height-diameter ratio of the bucket foundation was about 0.57, and the envelope curve of horizontal load-bending moment failure was roughly an ellipse.

Ren, J.; Wang, L.; Huang, Z.; Wang, X.; Li, H., and Lu, J., 2020. Simulation of the 3D structure of pollutants invading sea areas based on 3DLIF technology—A case study of the round tube jet. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 49–55. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Marine pollution is becoming increasingly severe with social and economic progress. The present study adopted the three-dimensional (3D) laser-induced fluorescence technology and used Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine B fluorescent dyes to simulate the 3D structure of pollutants discharged in the form of a jet. We obtained the scalar field information, conducted 3D reconstruction, and could output the concentration and temperature fields of any cross section. Moreover, we observed and studied the structure and characteristics of the diffusion of pollutants from different perspectives based on the measurement results, and provided theoretical recommendations for the reduction and effective control of marine pollution.

Wang, Z.-S.; Li, Y.-K.; Lu, J.-L.; Tian, J.-B., and Zhao, K., 2020. Research on corrosion characteristics and performance degradation of basalt fiber concrete under sodium magnesium sulfate corrosion environment. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 56–62. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As the most commonly used building material for marine structures, concrete is seriously corroded by marine environment. As a green, high-performance material, basalt fiber can improve the mechanical and corrosion resistance of concrete materials. The research conducted experimental research and analysis on the durability and mechanical properties of basalt fiber concrete under the erosion of magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate. The test block is 100 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm, and the fiber content is 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, respectively, soaked in the magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate solution with a concentration of 5.0%. The apparent cracks and water absorption were observed every 30 days. The mechanical properties and the ion concentration were measured every 90 days. The main conclusions are as follows: basalt fiber has a certain increase in the bearing capacity and deformability of concrete. Compared with ordinary concrete in a sulfate environment, basalt fiber concrete has a slower increase in porosity; however, excessive fiber will adversely affect durability. When the basalt parameter is about 0.1%, it is the most economical and reasonable, this study will provide a certain research basis for the application of basalt fiber concrete in marine structures.

Tang, Y.; Feng, J.; Fu, Y., and Xue, S., 2020. Experimental study on shrinkage and creep of high-strength concrete used in a coastal complex environment bridge under a cyclic load. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 63–69. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In recent years, the construction of expressway road networks in China's coastal areas has been accelerating. Numerous coastal, offshore, and cross-sea bridges have appeared. Under the complex environment of marine erosion, typhoons, waves, etc., most bridges use high-strength concrete as a building material. Shrinkage and creep, two of the basic characteristics of high-strength concrete, can cause abnormal growth of structural deformation and even concrete cracking, which affects the safety of bridge structures. Numerous studies have focused on the shrinkage and creep characteristics of high-strength concrete under a constant load, but there are few reports on the shrinkage and creep of high-strength concrete under a cyclic load. Using standard concrete creep specimens and prestressed reinforced concrete beam members as the test objects, the authors carried out a creep test of high-strength concrete under a cyclic load and obtained the elastic modulus and creep coefficient. Comparative analysis of the creep coefficient and an existing shrinkage and creep model shows that the creep of high-strength concrete under a cyclic load is significantly greater than that creep a constant load. In addition, the creep development of high-strength concrete under a cyclic load shows a uniform increasing characteristic, suggesting that a coupling relationship between the prestress loss and the creep process of high-strength concrete.

Gao, N.; Kong, X.; Lv, H.; Sun, Z., and Liu, Y., 2020. An effective fluorescent probe method applied in the analysis of microplastics. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 70–77. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Microplastic pollution has received global attention because of the durable hazards it brings to the environment. Methods used to analyze microplastics are mainly limited by laboratory conditions, instruments, and labor. This study investigated a method to analyze microplastics, and in situ verification was carried out to prove the feasibility of the technique. The method employed the fluorescent probe Nile red, followed by identification with Raman spectroscopy. Six kinds of common polymers were tested to verify the optimal operating condition of the technique. Possible fluorescence interference that obscured the Raman signal was excluded through verification of the Laman spectrum. Using this method, four kinds of polymers were found in Qingdao coastal waters, and the size of microplastics was confirmed. The results demonstrate that the fluorescent probe technique may offer considerable application in further monitoring studies to obtain reliable microplastic data.

Ma, H.; Fang, J.; Ni, J.; Zhang, L.; Liu, Y., and Li, J., 2020. Sedimentary environment evolution of DLK01, a borehole in the Holocene on the southern coast of Changxing Island, Liaodong Peninsula. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 78–83. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Clayey water electric conductivity, foraminifera analysis, and grain-size analysis of the DLK01 borehole in a shrimp pond in the south of Changxing Island, Liaodong Peninsula, were conducted. Combined with accelerator mass spectrometry ¹⁴C, the DLK01 core was divided into six sedimentary units from bottom to top: unit I, continental flooding deposit; unit II, storm surge or high tide deposit, formed earlier than 8352 cal BP; unit III, intertidal zone deposit, formed at 8352 cal BP and representing the Holocene transgression that changed from continental facies to marine–continental transitional facies; unit IV, shallow sea deposit, formed in 7738 cal BP and representing the rise of the sea surface in the Holocene; unit V, intertidal zone deposit, unconformably contacted with unit IV, indicating that the marine–continental transitional facies deposit was formed by the drop of seawater; and unit VI, salt marsh deposit to intertidal zone deposit, formed as the sea level dropped farther since 1340 cal BP.

Sun, J.; Zhang, P.; Wang, Y.; Yang, D.; Huang, Z., and Zhang, Z., 2020. Cloud storage algorithm for spatial structure data of radar bathymetry based on SQLite. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 84–88. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To solve the problems of file overstocking and data processing delay in data storage, the spatial structure data cloud storage algorithm based on SQLite, a relational database management system, is studied. The principle of radar laser detection is analyzed. Based on the principle, multibeam sounding sonar and angle-of-arrival transient imaging technology are used to collect the spatial structure data of sounding points, and the spatial structure data of different formats are transformed into a standard format and stored in the SQLite database of each detection point. The data cloud storage architecture of ocean exploration spatial structure based on SQLite is constructed. The node ID forward algorithm is used to reduce the node storage partition, and the load transfer of multiple overload nodes is carried out simultaneously to reduce the storage load of nodes and thus realize the collaborative work among multiple SQLite data. The simulation results show that the algorithm can achieve the load balance of each node, which fully verifies the application value of the algorithm.

Wu, X.; Zhang, J.; Chen, Y., and Tang, Z., 2020. A system methodology and its application in developing an emergency response plan for natural gas leakage on an offshore platform. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 89–92. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To meet the needs of systematic analysis in emergency response plan for natural gas leakage on an offshore platform, a six-dimensional system methodology is presented by integrating Hall three-dimensional morphology and the Wu, Shi, and Ren approach (Arthur, 1969). On the basis of synthesizing the content and thinking of the two system methodologies, content and its thinking redundancy between the methodologies are eliminated, part of original dimensions is retained, and new dimensions and relationships among dimensions are extended. Natural gas leakage on an offshore platform is a high-risk and strong chain-reaction accident, greatly affected by marine meteorological factors, so there needs to be good coordination and dynamic adjustment in the disposal process. The research framework and thinking for developing the emergency response plan are proposed by using the integrated methodology.

Qian, Y.; Zhang, J.; Wang, R., and Tian, W., 2020. Experimental study on effect of plate and plate end forms on pull-out failure of concrete expanded plate pile applied in ocean engineering. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 93–100. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In ocean engineering, the most commonly used type of foundation is the pile foundation, which requires a higher pull-out bearing capacity. The concrete expanded plate pile is the new pile type, with advantages of energy savings and environmental protection and superior pull-out bearing capacity. Therefore, pile foundations are used widely in ocean engineering. Owing to differences in construction tools, the cross-section forms of the expanded plate and the concrete expanded plate pile will be different, which will also affect the failure state of soil mass around piles and plates. This study innovatively adopts the small-scale model tests of undisturbed soil of semisection piles to study the changes in the failure state of the soil mass around the pile due to the cross-sectional forms of the expanded plate with different bearing capacity under the action of vertical tensile force, and conducts a comparative analysis using ANSYS finite element simulation to determine the influence of the change of the plate cross-sections on the pull-out capacity of the concrete expanded plate pile.

Liu, Y.; Zhou, J.; Wang, P.; Kong, X.; Zhao, Y.; Chen, H., and Zhou, Y., 2020. Design and antiblast analysis of mechanical plugging devices in coastal defense engineering. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 101–107. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To solve the problems associated with traditional plugging methods for various kinds of through-wall pipelines in coastal defense engineering, three plugging schemes were designed and prepared. The antiexplosion test and theoretical analysis were carried out for the plugging device with the lowest resistance, and further analysis is carried out by numerical simulation. The results show that the plugging scheme can endure a nuclear blast load with a peak value of 0.15 MPa. The maximum vertical displacement of the plugging device was only 0.07 mm under loading and can be restored to its initial position eventually. The friction coefficient between the casing and rubber and the pretightening force of the bolt are the main factors affecting the resistance of plugging devices. The research results can provide a reference for the plugging design of the through-wall pipelines in applications like coastal defense engineering.

Sheng, Z.; Yu, F.; Deng, C.; Zhu, C., and Xiong, J., 2020. Cracking evaluation of full-section casting without postcast strip method on immersed tube tunnels concrete. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 108–112. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Tubes immersed with the full-section casting method have been widely applied in many projects. However, cracks can occur longitudinally and transversely from the interfacial region. Thus, cracking evaluation can be combined with simulation to analyze the temperature field and estimate the relationship between internal and external restraint with the safety coefficient. Herein, the initial immersed tube has less possibility of cracking; the adjacent one should be cast within 6 days to prevent cracking.

Wang, T.; Yuan, S.; Yuan, K., and Luo, K., 2020. Study on key points and countermeasures of a coastal construction project. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 113–117. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the construction of coastal buildings, there are many factors to consider, such as environment, climate, and geology. To ensure the quality of the project, it is necessary to carry out targeted construction countermeasures, by the checking results, to develop a safe and reliable construction plan. Using a Mediterranean coastal construction project as an example, we show the special geological conditions requiring a method for foundation treatment and reinforcement, greater wind load at the seaside requiring tall shuttering formwork engineering, steel cantilever scaffold engineering for calculating the main points of construction, and for a coastal city with great salt fog effect, salt fog prevention measures. It provides useful references for the construction of similar waterfront construction projects.

Ye, Q.; Jin, W.-L., and Bai, Y., 2020. Time-domain structure analysis of a typical semisubmersible drilling rig. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 118–123. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper evaluates time-domain structure analysis approaches of a semisubmersible drilling rig using a nonlinear finite element method. Hydrodynamic random wave loads are calculated by WVTDUT, which was developed by a research group from the Dalian University of Technology. Time-domain structure analysis of a semisubmersible platform is very time consuming; simplified time-domain analysis approaches are therefore proposed to improve efficiency using equivalent time series. Validity of the approach is tested by a concrete example and simulation results are discussed in detail. The work of this paper can lead to a better understanding of structure behavior of a typical semisubmersible platform under characteristic wave loads. Performing structure analyses in time domain increases the accuracy and reliability of structure performance and the present study may be a benchmark study on time-domain structure analysis of a semisubmersible drilling rig.

Gao, X.; Zhu, J.; Fu, H., and Hao, X., 2020. Optimization for emission frequency of oceanic impulse sound source logging. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 124–129. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the exploration and development of offshore oilfields, the requirements for the detection distance and accuracy of underground geological structures are increasing day by day. When the traditional acoustic logging technology is used in oceanic logging, the formation structure is complex, and the reflected signal is very weak, which makes it difficult to extract the reflected signal and accurately identify the reflector orientation. The plasma impulse sound source is used as the emission source of the technology of ocean exploration while drilling, which has the characteristics of high power, wide frequency band, energy accumulation, and controllable and repeatable excitation, which can not only enhance the detection distance of traditional acoustic logging, but also detect the geological structure, fracture types, and strike around the well. In this article, sound depth detection technology is applied to study the selection of the dominant emission frequency band of the stimulated sound source based on the establishment of the geological interface depth detection model with different borehole diameter parameters. The results show that: when the well diameter is 0.1524, 0.2159, 0.2445, and 0.3112 m, 5, 3.8–4.2, 3.5–4, and 3 kHz are selected as the dominant excitation frequency bands, and the detection distance can reach tens of meters or even hundreds of meters. This research provides a reference for the subsequent application of impulse source in offshore logging.

Zhu, Y.; Zhao, J.; Zhao, Y., and Shou, Y., 2020. Numerical model research on the oil spill in channel of anchorage outside Pearl River estuary. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 130–139. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The development of the port in the Pearl River estuary has become one of the busiest areas in China. The increase in the number of navigable ships has also increased the probability of collisions, such as collisions in the outer anchorage of the Pearl River estuary. An oil spill model in the channel of Pearl River estuary was established based on the tidal current field to keep track of oil spill trajectory using the Lagrange method. The results show that, after the oil spill accident, the sweeping range and drift trajectory of the oil film are affected by the current, but the viscous effect of the wind will affect the final direction and trend of the oil film, and under unfavourable wind conditions, the role of wind will accelerate the impact of oil film on environmentally sensitive targets in the waters around the Zhujing River estuary.

Kong, W.; Yang, M., and Huang, Q., 2020. Feature cascade underwater object detection based on stereo segmentation. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 140–144. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Underwater object detection is a hot topic in deep learning in recent years. It is difficult to quickly complete the task of object detection due to the complex underwater environment. This article presents a novel neural network architecture, namely, Feature Cascade Underwater Object Detection Network. First, the estimated weights of different scales are obtained through the key region detection module. Then in the second module, the complete segmentation image is obtained through the multiple scale segmentation method. Third, cascade multilevel weights are estimated, along with stereo segmentation, for layer by layer integration. Finally, the predicted underwater object detection results. We test our network on the URPC2017 and LABELED-FISHES-IN-THE-WILD dataset. The average accuracy of our algorithm is higher than the other algorithms in single-category and multicategory underwater object detection tasks. Especially in the fish object detection task, our network obtains an average accuracy value that reaches 93.4%.

Qiu, Y.; Chen, J.; Su, W.; Huang, J.; Yi, S., and Wu, J., 2020. An approach to determining lateral pressure considering the decay in permeability coefficient with depth and application to the subsea tunnel of Xiamen Metro Line 2. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 145–150. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The determination of lateral pressure on a tunnel face is a paramount concern during the process of replacing cutting tools for a subsea shield tunnel. In conventional methods for the calculation of lateral pressure, the influence of soil permeability has seldom been considered, and the decay in permeability coefficient with depth has been ignored. In this article, an approach for determining the lateral pressure considering the decay in permeability coefficient with depth is put forward. Based on the previous method considering constant permeability coefficient, two different types of decay mode are considered in the proposed approach. For the linear type, the explicit expressions of the resultant thrust are then derived and set up. For the negative exponential type, a numerical method is needed to calculate the lateral pressure. Then the proposed approach is applied to the Subsea Tunnel of Xiamen Metro Line 2. Based on the results of the application, the linear type is recommended for use in considering the decay in soil permeability coefficient with depth, and the corresponding explicit expressions are recommended for calculation of the lateral pressure in engineering practice.

Hao, C.; Ge, C.; Ren, J.; Dong, Z.; Hu, R.; Li, R.; Yan, Y.; Zhou, Q.; Peng, C., and Qu, A., 2020. Accounting of environmental protection tax on taxable air pollutants in the process of coal storage, loading and unloading at the port. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 151–155. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The Environmental Protection Tax Law of China came into force in 2018, and China has entered a new stage where tax leverage is adopted to guide pollutant discharge units to reduce emissions. It is in this context that this article discusses the current implementation and challenges with regard to tax amount formulation, tax collection and management, and the tax system. The article takes the particulate pollution caused by coal storage, loading, and unloading as an example to discuss research progress in the accounting methods for main particulate emissions at home and abroad, evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the existing emissions accounting methods, and make proposals for improving the environmental tax system, strengthening cross department cooperation and improving the system for disclosure of self-monitoring information, so as to promote the smooth implementation of environmental protection tax policy in our country.

Ding, F.; Zhou, J.; Zhang, J., and Zhang, A., 2020. Continuous depth datum–based dynamic bathymetric model: Construction and application. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 156–161. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Safety is a priority issue in the shipping industry. Dynamic navigation service is a key element in navigation safety. In this paper, the finite volume coastal ocean model (FVCOM) was used to establish a high-precision tidal model. The depth reference value of each grid point was calculated by harmonic analysis method, and then a dynamic bathymetric model based on a continuous datum was constructed by combining the chart depth and tide level. In order to provide dynamic bathymetric service for navigators, this paper presented an algorithm for ship navigation time-window extraction based on the dynamic bathymetric model. The results show that as the most important basis for the construction of the dynamic water depth model, the mean absolute error (MAE) of the tidal level simulated FVCOM can reach within 5 cm in the focus area and around 10 cm in the nonfocus area. The navigation time-window extraction algorithm can effectively output the nearest navigable period of the ship. Accordingly, the dynamic bathymetric service in this paper is a structural and methodological change from the traditional bathymetric method.

He, X.; Zhou, X.; Xu, Y.; Ma, W., and Wu, T., 2020. Study on the influence of nonlinear seepage and grouting reinforcement on surrounding rock in subsea tunnel. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 162–167. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Seepage is an important problem of tunneling engineering, which shows nonlinear characteristics in the low permeability media. Particularly in the seabed environment, Darcy's law is not accurate when considering the design of grouted subsea tunnels. Therefore, in this article, an analytical model considering nonlinear seepage and grouting reinforcement is established. Under a series of conditions, the analytical solutions of seepage fields and stress fields are derived and verified by numerical calculation. Then the influence of nonlinear seepage and grouting reinforcement on the pore pressure and effective stress of surrounding rock is investigated, and tunnel drainage is also discussed. The results indicate that tunnel excavation under nonlinear seepage is safer than that under linear Darcy's seepage, and grouting is a significant support that can not only improve the bearing capacity of surrounding rock, but also effectively reduce tunnel drainage.

Li, X. and Li, G., 2020. Research on the driving force of the regional economy to the development of ocean port shipping based on multiple regression analysis. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 168–171. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Most of China's coastal ports are actively stepping forward from service centers with value-added effect to trade and logistics centers with more complete functions. The region with the most abundant water transportation is also the region with the rapid economic development. However, there is a certain contradiction between the economic growth along the ocean coast and the freight volume growth. This paper analyzes the evolution law of economic aggregate and cargo throughput, analyzes the relationship between the economy and shipping, and constructs a model of cargo output and demand by means of multiple regression analysis, in order to complete a simulation study on the distribution of freight volume to water volume and construct a model of shipping demand driven by the economy.

Sang, Z.-x.; Fang, R.-c.; Du, Z.; Yang, D.-j.; Yan, J., and Lei, H., 2020. The power planning of interacted and interconnected microgrid in pelagic clustering islands based on energy storage vessel transport route. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 172–177. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

There is a lack of effective liaison among pelagic islands; however, an interconnection mode by submarine cables is not feasible or economical. In this paper, we propose to replace some of submarine cables with energy storage vessel (ESV) routes and establish a hybrid power transmission network based integrated energy system of pelagic clustering islands. First, an ESV route was modeled to analyze the transmission efficiency and cost. Then, a hybrid power transmission network planning model of the island integrated energy system was proposed based on multiscene generation and scene clustering. The objective function was the minimum overall cost considering the additional power supply cost under extreme weather scenario. The model was optimized by chaotic gravitational search algorithm. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified through simulation results.

Yang, M., Chen, J., and Zhou, Y., 2020. Comprehensive evaluation model of maritime industrial economic activities based on an AHP and BP neural network. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 178–182. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Based on a comprehensive evaluation of maritime industrial economic activities that are difficult to quantify and with which subjective factors interfere strongly, this paper uses the analytic hierarchy process and BP neural network to build a comprehensive evaluation model. Taking a marine enterprise as an example, the first-level and second-level indicators of the economic activities of the enterprise are adopted. The model determines the input weights of the first-level indicators according to the expert scoring method, multiplies the 27 second-level indicators under the first-level indicators by the weights of the first-level indicators as the input indicators of the model, and establishes training based on a Bayesian regularization and gradient descent method. The three-layer BP neural network application model has a better chance of improving the problem that subjective factors dominate and lead to lower evaluation accuracy of industrial economic activities. Taking a comprehensive evaluation experiment of industrial economic activities of a plant in 2020 as an example, the experimental results prove that the evaluation results of the model have guiding significance for the analysis and evaluation of industrial economic activities.

Su, H., 2020. Total factor productivity of listed companies in manufacturing industry: Study based on three major coastal economic zones in China. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 183–186. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As terrestrial resources become increasingly scarce, human activities extend farther into the ocean. Coastal areas are blessed with rich aquatic resources, as well as the advantage of convenient shipping traffic. The manufacturing industry is a comprehensive symbol of a country's economic strength. Therefore, the improvement of the efficiency of manufacturing industry in the most developed coastal areas is the key of economic operation. This paper uses the Malmquist-Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to analyze the total factor productivity (TFP) of listed manufacturing firms in China's three major coastal economic zones from 2009 to 2018. The result shows that the efficiency of manufacturing industry in China's three major coastal economic zones has maintained a relatively high level, and the growth rate of TFP is on a steady growth trend. A gap occurs between the actual level of manufacturing output and the level of frontier output in the three major coastal economic zones. Therefore, improving technological efficiency is one of the main issues to be faced. In the coming year, technological progress, the introduction of advanced technologies, and institutional innovations will be the main drivers of productivity growth.

Guo, D. and Xiang, Y., 2020. Optimization research on maintenance strategy model for coastal highway bridge based on durability and reliability. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 187–191. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Affected by the environment and load, the durability and bearing capacity of highway bridges in coastal areas have declined to varying degrees, which seriously affects the remaining service life of the bridge. To make optimal use of the maintenance funds of highway bridges in the whole life cycle, this paper studies and optimizes the maintenance plan of the bridge in the long-term service. Considering the coupling effect of marine environment and load, the degradation model of durability index and reliability index is established. The deterioration of highway bridges in coastal areas is studied based on the degradation model with durability and reliability index. The optimization results show that the remaining service life of the engineering example is extended by 6.6 years and 13.8 years, respectively.

Wang, C.; Jiang, Z.; Wang, D.; Feng, D., and Duan, L., 2020. Effects of the porous medium seabed on the wave load acting on the single pile. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 192–197. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The characteristics of the seabed greatly affect the interaction between waves and the single-pile foundation structure. It is normal to simplify the porous medium seabed into a rigid, impermeable solid seabed, which ignores the effect of the porous medium seabed on wave energy. This study investigated the effects of the seabed characteristics of porous media on the wave load of the single pile based on the wave-flume test and the three-dimensional numerical model. Five seabed wave-flume tests and the common ocean conditions wave-soil-structure interaction numerical analysis model were designed to verify the accuracy of the numerical model and to analyze the effect of porous media seabed characteristics on wave loads. Results show that the wave load on the single pile depends on the seabed porosity, the average seabed-particle diameter, and the seabed thickness. The seabed-particle diameter has the most significant influence on the wave load of the single pile. The formula for the relationship between the wave load of the single pile and the seabed-particle diameter is derived under different wave conditions.

Chen, Y. and Cheng, Q., 2020. Investment heterogeneity among sectors and asymmetric effects of monetary policies: A case study of China's marine economic development demonstration zone. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 198–203. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As China's economy enters the “New Normal” monetary policy, an important tool for macroeconomic regulation plays an increasingly important role in balancing supply and demand and ensuring sound and sustained economic growth. The present study divides the monetary policy transmission channels into two categories, namely, the currency channel and the credit channel. Based on the monthly statistics on China's overall economic growth and on the nation's marine economic development demonstration zones from January 2005 to December 2018, empirical approaches of VAR modeling and variance decomposition were applied to evaluate how monetary policies affect the investment decisions of state-owned enterprises and private enterprises in China's marine economic development demonstration zones. The research revealed obvious asymmetry in the monetary policy transmission mechanism. Further research found that the currency transmission channel has a larger impact on the investment decision-making of private enterprises than the credit channel, whereas they have practically an equal impact on the investment decision-making of state-owned enterprises. Targeted measures should be taken to support key areas and weak links in China's marine economic development, and collaborative efforts from multiple parties are needed to optimize the monetary policy transmission mechanism.

Guo, D.; Hu, P.-N.; Li, F.; Wang, H., and Chen, G., 2020. An empirical study on the impact of seaports on urban economic development based on VAR model: The case of Shenzhen and Shenzhen Port in the context of industrial transfer. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 204–208. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper is based on the analysis of ports as urban economic system that depict the overall impact of a port on the function mechanism of urban economy. Taking Shenzhen Port as an example, cargo handled at the seaports of Shenzhen, gross domestic product of Shenzhen, and the number of employed persons of Shenzhen, respectively, were chosen to build the vector autoregressive VAR model and to analyze the two sets of variables based on the impulse response and variance decomposition. The study shows that the economic development of Shenzhen has obvious stage characteristics on the development of the port, that it produces certain negative benefits, that the interaction between the two is not obvious, and that the current development of Shenzhen Port is in urgent need of transformation and repositioning.

Hong, Y.; Li, Z.; Liu, Q., and Liu, S., 2020. Internal market strategy of offshore oil enterprises based on amoeba operation model. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 209–213. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid advance in technology and management innovation, many improvements have been made to the marine energy sector, which brings both opportunities and challenges. The improvement in oil industry maturity and global transaction makes the offshore oil market more competitive. Faced with this situation, offshore oil enterprises in the marine energy sector have to improve their management, operation efficiency, and tap endogenous growth potential. Amoeba Operation Model, as an application of internal marketization theory, has been proved to be effective against mobilizing the vitality of employees within the enterprise, improving business benefits, as well as solving big company diseases. Consequently, this study analyzes the internal marketization theory and the applicability of Amoeba Operation Model in offshore oil enterprises. The study puts forward several key points for offshore oil enterprises' usage of Amoeba Operation Model, including: business unit division, accounting and settlement relationships establishment, asset resources and budgets allocation, evaluation system and mechanism establishment, human resources and team leader selection, as well as cultural acknowledgment.

Chen, B. and Yu, Y., 2020. Study on economic development of coastal small cities based on grey adaptive algorithm: Take the data of Zhejiang province as an example. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 214–217. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The evaluation of economic development in coastal small city involves many factors, and the economic prediction and evaluation of regional economic development has achieved good results through multifactor comprehensive judgment. In order to further improve the evaluation quality, this paper uses a grey adaptation algorithm to prevent the negative impact of individual poor indicators from being neutralized by other indicators, and improve the rationality of decision-making. The synergistic effect of the grey adaptive economic indicators completes the standardization of the decision matrix, establishes a plan modification model, and ranks the economic development of the coastal area on this basis, and expands the grey adaptive economic indicators to multi-attribute decision-making. An example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the grey adaptive algorithm, which provides a feasible mathematical model for the evaluation of the economic development of the coastal small city.

Zhao, R. and Wang, L., 2020. The integration strategy of cross-cultural adaptability and ESP training in the enhancement of employment quality of international cruise enterprise talents. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 218–221. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The international cruise industry has the characteristics of international integration. This kind of integration is not only reflected in the internationalization of the staff, but also in the diversified source of tourists. As practitioners, they must adapt to the cultural diversity and aggregation. Cultural adaptability and language competence are inherently inseparable. Therefore, the integration of the two is necessary to solve the problem of poor employment quality due to lack of cultural adaptability of the personnel. The article explores the integration mechanism of the two and conducts related case analysis in order that the enhancement of the employment quality of international cruise industry would be achieved.

Fu, Z. and Wang, J., 2020. Study on improvement and risk assessment of marine logistics finance development model based on the background of free trade zone construction. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 222–225. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The free trade area has a more important impact on the marine logistics industry, promoting the country's re-export trade, offshore trade, offshore finance, and shipping services. Through the determination of maritime logistics enterprises, this paper provides a method for the determination of the comprehensive risk value of logistics financial business. Through the establishment of the risk evaluation model by the wavelet support vector regression algorithm, from the development of the comprehensive value-at-risk business, the paper summarizes the concepts, practice forms, development process, and important relations of the relevant trade and shipping logistics industry and the foreign free trade zone.

Liu, J.; Yu, W., and Cai, T., 2020. Field study on adaptive thermal comfort in coastal building in China. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 226–230. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Different from inland areas, coastal areas are usually characterized by greater wind speed, relative humidity, and solar radiation levels. The indoor thermal environment of coastal buildings attracts more attention as a result. A field investigation on winter indoor thermal condition and thermal comfort was conducted in coastal buildings in Haikou, China. The average indoor air temperature was 21.05 ± 2.77° C during the survey period. And 65.2% of temperature datasets were within winter comfort band in American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers 55 Standard. The influences of relative humidity and air speed were insignificant. The thermal neutral temperature and acceptable temperature band for 90% of participants were 22.97° C and 19.84–26.10° C, respectively. Subjects would like a warmer thermal environment in winter with preferred temperature of 25.44° C. It indicates that thermal neutrality sometimes deviates from desired thermal environment. Adjusting clothes was observed to be a predominant adaptive action, helping subjects adapt to the variations in ambient thermal environment. In addition, the comprehensive impacts of adaptations on thermal comfort were also validated by applying cross analysis between thermal acceptability and Actual Mean Vote, thermal preference. The results obtained in present study provide reference on indoor thermal environment optimization for coastal buildings in tropical island region.

Mei, X.; Ma, G.; Hu, X.; Shi, B., and Huang, D., 2020. Simulation of the failure process of submarine landslides on a seabed by coupled MPM. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 231–237. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Submarine landslides are large-scale natural marine disasters that commonly occur in coastal areas, which significantly threats important subsea infrastructures and offshore facilities. This paper presents a two-dimensional numerical model using the material point method and hydromechanical coupling to simulate a typical submarine landslide, named the Storegga Slide. The numerical simulation for modeling the submarine landslide, consisting of submarine clay with a strain-softening constitutive model, has provided information about the landslide failure process, as well as the failure mechanisms of retrogression deformation under the effect of water. The simulation reproduces the evolution process with a final deposit morphology, which is consistent with the previous investigation result. Based on the modeling, the landslide failure process, mechanisms, and plastic strain state are comprehensively discussed. It is found that because of the water effect, some distinct characteristics in the sliding process can be observed in submarine landslides: movement hinderance, a bulbous configuration, and high fluidization, which is valuable for disaster mitigation.

Yan, L.; Hu, P.; Hu, Y.; Wang, Y., and Deng, W., 2020. Analysis of an excessive salinity area in the Yangtze Estuary based on salt tide intrusion. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 238–242. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Salt tide intrusion is the main ecological problem faced in the Yangtze Estuary; thus, timely and accurate evaluation of the area of excessive salinity is necessary. The statistical models of salinity, runoff, and tidal range are established separately in this paper. Runoff and tidal range conditions in the S = 0.45‰ standard are obtained and used as the judgment standard for whether salinity is excessive in a certain water area. The excess area is calculated according to the space distribution of tide stations in the Yangtze Estuary. With Datong runoff as the driving factor, the relationship between the Datong runoff and the excess area proportion is discussed, and the response function of the excess area of salt tide intrusion in the Yangtze Estuary is obtained by establishing the S-type calculation model and curve-fitting method. It is also proposed that Datong runoff into the sea in the dry season to control the diffusion of salt tide intrusion below Xuliujing in the Yangtze Estuary should not be less than 10,000 m³/s, which is an important reference value for water regulation in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the dry season.

Du, P.; Zhang, C., and Yang, L., 2020. The impact of perceived value and group norm on environmentally friendly behavior of mangrove reserves in coastal cities: The mediating role of tourism satisfaction. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 243–247. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of China's coastal cities, mangrove conservation faces various environmental influences brought on by the thousands of visitors. This study proposes the hypothesis that latent variables such as environmental knowledge, perceived value, group norms, and satisfaction have significant positive effects on environmentally friendly behavior and refine influencing aspects and paths. The Mangrove Nature Reserve of Shenzhen is used as the study area, and the following model analysis results are found: (1) Perceived value contributes the most to environmentally friendly behavior, (2) group norms have the second-greatest effect on environmentally friendly behavior, which indicates that tourists in the same group are easily affected by the people around them; and (3) tourism satisfaction mediates the relationship between environmental knowledge and environmentally friendly behavior. The findings could help managers of mangrove conservation recognize the paths for influencing environmentally friendly behavior and improve the level of environmental management and tourism services.

Liu, Y.; Lai, L., and Yuan, J., 2020. Research on Zhanjiang's leisure sports tourism development strategy in coastal recreational areas. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 248–252. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Against the background of global travel and national fitness, leisure sports tourism satisfies people's fitness and travel demands, brings physical and mental pleasure and enjoyment to tourists, and has become a hotspot of tourism development as a product of leisure sport and tourism integration. Zhanjiang of Guangdong has abundant natural and cultural tourism resources with favorable leisure sports conditions and is especially well known for its coastal recreational area. This paper takes the online comments of tourists from Ctrip, Mafengwo, Qunar, TripAdvisor, and Lvmama as data sources; uses ROST CM6 software to mine and analyze the text content; systematically analyzes the satisfaction of tourists to Zhanjiang through high word frequency, semantic network analysis, and emotion analysis; and finally puts forward an innovative product design and optimized development strategy to provide reference for the development of the sports tourism industry of Zhanjiang, as well as other coastal cities in China.

Chang, S.-F., 2020. Exploration of factors influencing partnerships in ocean companies. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 253–257. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In recent years, companies have been facing great pressure and threat from competition, so they have been looking for suitable partners to establish strategic partnerships. On the one hand, strategic partnerships work as a response strategy; on the other hand, they help to enhance each partner's competitive advantage. Although previous literature and related studies have paid attention to the development of partnerships, scholars have rarely made an integrated study of the development of partnerships. Therefore, this study intends to establish an integrated model for the development of partnerships, which is divided into three stages, namely, selecting the best partner, establishing a partnership, and maintaining a good partnership, and to discuss the development of the key influencing variables for each stage. The results of this study are as follows: (1) three types of ocean companies (marine fishery products companies, mariculture companies, and shipping companies) believe that the buyer and the seller should carefully select the cooperation object in the first stage, which will naturally contribute to the development of the relationship, and (2) the three types of ocean companies have a positive impact on the development of partnerships on importance of the variables is obviously related to the characteristics of the firm.

Chen, Y., 2020. Construction of marine culture communication and inheritance system based on digital images. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 258–262. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to solve the problems of the slow development of marine culture and waning inheritance, this article used digital imaging to build a marine culture communication and inheritance system that effectively improves the situation, which is characterized by narrow audience scope in traditional communication modes and ineffective cultural protection. On the basis of digital image technology, this paper discusses the composition of marine culture by using information communication theory and coding/decoding theory and describes the influence of digital media on marine culture by using communication and inheritance theory. The establishment of a database and interdisciplinary integration enhances public cultural awareness, to ensure that China's marine culture can be effectively protected and inherited.

Qin, H., 2020. Research on the influence of e-commerce entrepreneurship education on the development of marine economy based on the entropy method. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 263–267. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the development of ocean cultivation, various projects related to the sea have been implemented, and various marine activities have been increasing. The growth rate and scale of the marine economy are constantly improving, and the change of economic structure will inevitably have an impact on the hierarchical structure of education. This paper designs a service framework for entrepreneurship education based on e-commerce and big data. The entropy method is used to objectively assign weights, and the index value is added up to determine the intensity of entrepreneurship education. In terms of educational support, the stochastic frontier method (SFA) is used to select educational indicators related to the marine industry and analyze them from the perspective of e-commerce entrepreneurship education. During the simulation experiment, the accuracy of the algorithm and the coupling of indicators are analyzed, the data obtained through the information platform are verified by calculation, and their effects on the weight of education-related indicators is presented.

Shang, S.; Zhao, Y., and Chen, Z.-M., 2020. Research on the innovation of risk management in ocean transportation enterprises based on game strategy model. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 268–271. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the current global economic recession, enterprises themselves cannot resist industry risks on their own. Therefore, shipping enterprises need to form an alliance to work together to mitigate the risks brought by the global financial crisis. Enhancing the degree of collaboration between enterprises may not only reduce the cost of enterprise operations, but it can also better diversify the risks incurred by the world economy and trade. In order to improve the degree of cooperation between shipping enterprises, this study investigated the profit distribution among shipping industry chain enterprises. Based on the idea of game theory, this study first used the Stackelberg model to solve for the profit distribution scheme under various cooperation situations of member enterprises in the shipping industry chain. Then, the theory of cooperative game was adopted, and the Shapley value method was used to solve the benefit distribution scheme. Results show that this model can improve the overall risk management ability, and this is of great significance to improve business stability and stimulate the development potential of a company.

Dong, H.; Huang, P.; Sun, Z.; Li, Z., and Chong, L., 2020. Numerical simulation of local scour and flow field around pipelines. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 272–278. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Numerical simulations were conducted where both local scour below pipelines and flow fields around pipelines occur. The evolution, shape, and scale of local scouring at pipelines under different flow velocities and pipeline layouts were calculated. The research area is Huibieyang Sea of Zhejiang, China, where large numbers of submarine pipelines have been laid. Results show that typical accumulations of sand waves cannot form behind the pipelines in this study area due to their fine sediment size. Data from field observations at the water depth where the pipelines are located were collected in this study, on the basis of which preliminary analysis was made on the stability of the seabed and local scouring in the research area in recent years.

Xiong, Q.; Zhang, H., and Rong, Q., 2020. Path planning based on improved particle swarm optimization for AUVs. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 279–282. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Path planning plays an important role in the motion of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). It has always been a hot research topic. Aiming at the problems of traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) in path planning, an improved PSO algorithm is proposed in this paper. In the initialization stage, the particles are initialized by a chaotic sequence. During algorithm processing, the sine function is used to dynamically decrease the particle weight. In the region near the optimal solution selected in each iteration of the PSO algorithm, a chaos algorithm is used to avoid falling into the local optimal value. Simulation experiment results show that the improved PSO algorithm greatly increases the effectiveness of the initial particles and can get the optimal path more quickly and accurately.

Shen, G., 2020. Research on marine water quality evaluation model based on improved harmony search algorithm by Gaussian disturbance to optimize Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy neural network. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 283–287. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Marine water quality is affected by many factors and is difficult to evaluate accurately. An improved harmony search algorithm based on Gaussian disturbance (GDHS) is proposed to optimize the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy neural network (TSFNN) model of marine water quality evaluation. First, the basic harmony search algorithm is improved by the Gaussian disturbance global optimal harmony strategy and dynamic adjustment parameters. Second, the parameters of the T-S fuzzy neural network are optimized by GDHS to improve the stability and global convergence speed of the TSFNN. Finally, China's marine water quality standards and the actual conditions of the marine area to which the experimental data belong are considered, five indicators are selected to construct a neural network, and the water quality evaluation results of the data of 10 monitoring stations in the eastern waters of Qingdao show that the smaller the evaluation error of the GDHS-TSFNN model, the higher the accuracy.

Zheng, X.; Wang, X.; Luo, Z., and Guo, B., 2020. Camera imaging calibration optimization for stereo vision system of marine unmanned ship. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 288–292. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As a depth perception technology, stereo vision is widely used in the intelligent operation of marine unmanned ships. Focusing on the camera imaging problem of the stereo vision system of marine unmanned ship, the causes of camera imaging distortion were analyzed and an improved adaptive genetic simulated annealing algorithm based on Sigmoid function is proposed to improve the accuracy of camera calibration. Experiments have shown that this method has higher accuracy and stronger robustness and can be used to optimize the stereo vision imaging system of marine unmanned ships.

Hou, J., 2020. Research on correlation degree between marine industry and marine economy low carbonization level based on particle swarm optimization. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 293–297. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The 21st century is the century of the ocean, and the marine economy has become a new growth point of the national economy. the ocean has become the focus of world attention, which also intensifies the competition for reaching the heights of marine industry by major coastal countries. With the high-intensity development and use of marine resources, problems such as overfishing and environmental pollution have resulted in a series of depletions of renewable fishery resources, degradation of species, and even extinction, and the continuous reduction of nonrenewable resources such as marine crude oil. Based on the development status of China's marine industry, this article applies the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to the study of the correlation between marine industrial clusters and the low-carbon level of the marine economy and then explores the transformation and upgrading path of China's marine industry from the perspective of the low-carbon economy.

Su, B.; Guan, C.; An, Q., and Wang, Q., 2020. Analysis and countermeasures of the influence of COVID-19 on the commodity category of port export in China: Taking Shanghai Port as an example. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 298–301. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Since the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus has spread rapidly, which has affected the economy, social interaction, and foreign trade, both in China and around the world. Import and export trade has become an organic part of China's national economy. Import and export trade accounts for nearly 35% of the national economy, which is a major part of China's economic growth. This article takes Shanghai Port as an example, collecting and analyzing the exporters of Shanghai Port in China from January to May 2020. Compared with the relevant data of the same period in 2019, this article discusses the major commodity categories that are affected by the epidemic situation in the export trade volume of Shanghai Port, giving countermeasures according to the influence situation in order to stabilize the quantity of this category in the future and reduce the risk of lower port trade volume of the export commodity categories affected by public health emergencies in China's port trade. At the same time, some suggestions and countermeasures are given to the ecological environment problems affecting the sustainable development of ports.

Shi, L.; Li, X.; Cao, R., and Zhang, X., 2020. Research on innovative strategy of sporting event logistics management in coastal cities. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 302–305. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Sporting events are an effective way to show a city to the world, and event logistics management is the key to successfully hosting events. This article uses the literature method and field investigation method to research innovative strategies for the logistics management of sporting events in coastal cities in China. The results show that the current logistics operation mode of sporting events is not mature enough; After using the “Internet +” model, the efficiency of sporting event logistics in coastal cities has improved. Innovation strategies include using an innovative operation mode of event logistics and establishing a “one-hour commuting circle for event logistics,” effectively implementing reverse logistics of sporting events, and reducing event logistics costs.

Guo, Y., 2020. A study on the impact of environmental regulation of countries along the Maritime Silk Road on China's OFDI. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 306–309. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

On the basis of the relevant data from China's outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in 23 countries along the Maritime Silk Road from 2005 to 2018, this article uses an investment gravity model to empirically examine the influence of environmental regulations of these countries on China's OFDI entry. The results indicate that the environmental regulations of these countries negatively influence China's OFDI entry, and the robustness test is adopted to prove that the conclusions of this article are reliable. The analysis of heterogeneity shows that the environmental regulation of higher-income countries is significantly negative, whereas those of lower-income countries are not significantly negative; countries with higher levels of environmental regulation obviously inhibit entry in China's OFDI, whereas countries whose environmental regulation is at a lower level do not make a big difference to China's OFDI entry.

Deng, J. and Liu, J., 2020. Impact of financialization on production efficiency of China's marine companies. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 310–313. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Under the background of Chinese enterprises turning from real to virtual, the financialization of marine companies is becoming more and more serious. This article takes marine-listed companies as a research sample to study the impact of corporate financialization on production efficiency. The study found that the financialization of marine enterprises has an inverted U-shaped relationship with production efficiency. Research on the classification of financial assets found that short-term financial asset investment has no significant impact on the production efficiency of marine companies, whereas long-term financial asset investment has an inverted U-shaped relationship with production efficiency. The robustness test proved the reliability of the conclusion. This article also found that total financial asset investment and long-term financial asset investment of state-owned marine enterprises have a significant inhibitory effect on production efficiency, whereas the inhibitory effect of nonstate-owned marine enterprises is not obvious. The conclusion has practical significance for promoting high-quality development of China's marine-related industries.

Yang, Y., 2020. Research on the impact of foreign direct investment on the economic growth of the Yangtze River delta urban agglomerations. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 314–316. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Using panel data at the city level from 2005 to 2017, this article empirically studies the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth in coastal city clusters in the Yangtze River delta urban agglomerations. The study found that FDI can significantly improve the economic growth of the Yangtze River delta urban agglomeration, labor force, foreign trade, and financial level; residents' education level can also increase economic growth. However, the impact of urban area and the number of industrial enterprises on economic growth are not significant. The same conclusion can be reached in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration. The difference is that the higher the proportion of the primary and the secondary industries in the Yangtze River delta urban agglomeration, the higher the proportion of tertiary industry that is not conducive to economic growth. The proportion of the three major industries in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration has no important impact on economic growth.

Gao, L. and Sun, Q., 2020. Operation efficiency evaluation of listed port companies in China. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 317–321. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This study selected cross-section data for 17 port companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2014 and 2019 and evaluated efficiency with a three-stage data envelopment analysis model. The results showed that, compared with 2014, the average comprehensive technical efficiency in 2019 decreased to a certain extent; the comprehensive technical efficiency of six companies was lower than the average; and the pure technical efficiency of four companies was lower than the average level. In terms of returns to scale, more than 35% of companies had resource allocation problems. In general, the operating efficiency of the 17 listed port companies showed a trend of obvious polarization. For specific companies, the utilization rate of resources and technology of eight companies (namely, Zhuhai Port, Rizhao Port, Jinzhou Port, Tianjin Port, Lianyungang, Dalian Port, Ningbo Port, Huaihe Energy) was relatively low. Four companies (namely, Chongqing Gangjiu, Tianjin Port, Ningbo Port, Huaihe Energy) showed decreasing returns to scale. It is necessary to integrate enterprise resources, formulate a reasonable port-management system, pay attention to the training of technical personnel, and control the moderate expansion of company scale.

Qiu, W., 2020. Analysis of radiation effect of coastal economic circle based on space vector model. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 322–325. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

By systematically exploring the temporal and spatial evolution of the industrial layout in the coastal area, this paper summarizes the driving factors that affect the formation of the industrial layout in the coastal area and provides an in-depth discussion of the regional economic radiation effects. Using the vector space model, the relationship between the economic activity and the industrial radiation effect of the coastal area is constructed to explore the radiation of the economy of the coastal area in space. Based on the theoretical framework of the functional mechanism of the industrial layout in the coastal area, the location entropy analysis method is used to verify the industrial radiation degree, the economic industry correlation degree, the relationship with the industrial layout, and the influence of economic-related factors on the industrial layout in the coastal area, so as to achieve the purpose of scientific management. The results of the empirical analysis demonstrate the radiation effect of the economic industry in the coastal area.

Li, R.; Bu, W., and Xu, R., 2020. Research on ship-radiated noise evaluation and experimental verification based on OTPA optimized by operating condition clustering. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 326–330. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In terms of evaluating ship-radiated noise with operational transfer path analysis (OTPA), discordance occurs between the operating conditions and the linear system requirement of OTPA because of large dispersion between operating conditions, which leads to obvious estimated errors amid several frequency bands. Therefore, OTPA, which is optimized by operating condition clustering, is proposed to mitigate the errors; that is, all operating conditions are classified into several classes by the k-means method based on weighted principal-component analysis. Next, the operating conditions belonging to the same class that are similar to one other but maintain independence are taken as the input of OTPA. By this means, the nonlinear input question of OTPA can be solved. The feasibility of optimized OTPA is verified by a reduced-scale cabin experiment in Thousand Islet Lake. The obtained results indicate that the average cumulative error yielded by optimized OTPA is reduced by up to 1.79 dB compared with traditional OTPA. In addition, the average maximum absolute error is reduced by up to 6 dB. Furthermore, the statistical analysis of errors verifies the effectiveness and stability of optimized OTPA. Optimized OTPA can provide guidance for radiated noise evaluation in practical engineering applications, which is of importance for reducing ship-radiated noise pollution of the marine environment.

Cai, Z.; Li, J., and Wang, J., 2020. The protection and landscape characteristics of traditional villages in coastal areas of SW China. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 331–335. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Traditional villages are part of the cultural heritage of Chinese rural communities, with histories extending thousands of years. It is necessary to establish a system of indicators that can accurately measure the value of traditional villages and allow objective assessment of the current state of conservation. This paper takes the traditional village of Quanzhou City, a coastal city in SW China, as an example. Relying on documentary data analysis, GIS spatial analysis, and relevant mathematical and statistical methods, the distribution patterns of traditional villages are revealed. The index system for the evaluation of the current conservation state of traditional villages is constructed based on the combination of elements of building materials, elevations, and decoration styles. Thus, it can reflect the current status and control direction of the conservation and utilization of buildings in traditional villages. Therefore, it provides basic theoretical research about and support for the conservation and utilization of traditional villages and buildings in the SW coastal area.

Wang, X., 2020. A study of the key influencing factors in management innovation of SMEs of ocean technology in China. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 336–339. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the increasing importance of the marine economy, it is imperative to develop small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) of ocean technology. Management innovation is the driving force behind the development of SMEs. By carrying out a theoretical review and listening to advice from experts, this paper established an indicator system for the influencing factors in the management innovation of SMEs of ocean technology. A questionnaire survey was carried out among 21 SMEs of ocean technology in Shandong and Liaoning Provinces. Factor analysis was performed to analyze the obtained sample data. Six key influencing factors in the management innovation of SMEs of ocean technology were derived: strategies and mechanisms for innovation, the establishment of learning organizations, total involvement and training, the culture for management innovation, the policy environment, and customer relationship management.

Li, J.; Wu, H.; Xu, T., and Lin, P., 2020. A double-transistor double primary–winding flyback converter for marine resources monitoring equipment. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 340–344. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The DC bus power-supply mode is the most convenient for marine resources monitoring equipment, and secondary electric power supplies at power supply nodes are featured by a wide variation range of input voltage and high electromagnetic interference (EMI) requirements. A double-transistor double primary–winding flyback converter with wide input range, low EMI noise, and active auto-starting function was designed in this study. The main circuit of this converter solves the withstanding voltage problem of switching tube via series connection of double transistors under high-voltage condition. Through the intertexture structure of the double primary windings, the main transformer reduces the drain-source voltage spike of the switch and effectively mitigates the common-mode EMI noise at output end. The large starting circuit loss is solved, and the converter efficiency is improved under wide input range through the active auto-starting circuit. The experimental results show that when the bus node voltage varies within a wide range of 100 V–1000 V, the converter efficiency is always greater than 85%, and EMI performance is superior, thus satisfying the requirements of bus power-supply system.

Qian, Y.; Ai, S.; Wang, R., and Jin, Y., 2020. Calculation model of bearing capacity of the rigid-body expanded plate pile under horizontal force in ocean engineering. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 345–351. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In ocean engineering, the pile foundation requires higher anti-overturning bearing capacity. The concrete expanded plate pile is the new type pile with advantages of energy saving, so it is applied widely in ocean engineering. By establishing the soil model of the expanded plate pile with different diameters, the displacement and load results of the expanded plate pile and soil are compared and analyzed, combining with the results of software simulation analysis and test to determine the failure state of soil around the rigid-body expanded plate pile under horizontal force. This paper proposes that the calculation model of the ultimate horizontal bearing capacity of the rigid-body expanded plate pile with soil failure be taken into consideration, which provides a theoretical basis for improving the calculation model of the horizontal bearing capacity of the rigid-body expanded plate pile.

Hui, Z.; Wei, R.; Feng, Y.; Zang, Y.; Gao, F.; Liu, M., and Li, Y., 2020. Application of computer technology in ocean ecosystems plankton classification. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 352–355. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Plankton marine biology is a biological term that refers to the living species in the ocean, including marine animals, marine plants, microorganisms, and viruses, among which marine animals include invertebrates and vertebrates. According to the research of on-site data, we could apply algorithms on marine biology. First, perform factor analysis on the multispectral reflectance data of the South Yellow Sea to solve the characteristic problem of the reflectance covariance matrix, solve the eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors, find the main factors, and then establish the multivariate linearity of the chlorophyll a concentration versus the main factors regression equation, and return and forecast test of the algorithm. The calculation results show that the algorithm has high accuracy, and it also shows that weather conditions have a greater impact on the estimation accuracy.

Xu, Y. and Shi, G., 2020. Sustainable livelihood rehabilitation of the sea-lost fishermen in China: A case study of R City in Shandong Province. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 356–360. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rise of the blue economy, due to a large number of development projects in coastal areas, more and more fishermen are losing livelihood depended on the sea, and the problem of sea loss is becoming worse and worse. Ensuring the production and living standard of sea-lost fishermen is around the same or even increased is the key to solving this problem, which requires sea-lost fishermen to obtain sustainable rehabilitation livelihoods. This paper, based on field investigation data of typical fishery R City, Shandong Province in China, using LOGISTIC regression analysis, gets the law and realization way of sustainable rehabilitation livelihoods on sea-lost fishermen, which provides decision-making for relevant compensation and resettlement policies of sea-lost fishermen.