Wang, D. and Li, J., 2020. Coastal haze pollution, economic and financial performance, and sustainable transformation in coastal cities. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 1–7. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In this paper, 76 coastal cities in China are selected as the research objects to analyze the relationship between coastal economic and financial performance and environmental quality. The empirical results show that the increase of per capita output value aggravates the overall pollution situation of the city, and when the financial pressure of the city increases, the overall pollution situation will slow down. Secondly, with the improvement of labor income, the requirements for the improvement of coastal environmental quality will increase and the effect of pollution control and environmental quality improvement will be achieved.

Ai, W.; Liu, H., and Zhu, P., 2020. Research on the minimum span of constructions crossing natural curve river. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 8–12. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The problem of determination method on the span of constructions crossing curved river is necessary to be researched not only because its close relation to navigation safety, but also because no clear method has been put forward so far, the minimum span of structures across natural curve river, which is considered as channel width (not considering the influence of tidal currents) is studied in this paper. From the perspective of navigation safety, the method of determining the minimum span of constructions crossing natural curve river can be obtained by establishing mathematical calculation models of flow-induced drift of natural curve and the range of turbulent flow around construction piers. The results show that the span of constructions crossing natural curved river is closely related to the navigation width of the ship, ship's drift distance induced by flow and wind, turbulent range of construction pier etc. The more the above factors are, the larger the minimum span of constructions crossing curved river is.

Shen, Z., 2020. Coordinated environment and economy in coastal development based on industrial wastewater and SO₂ emissions. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 13–18. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

China's coastal areas have achieved great economic growth since the reform and opening up, but at the same time, there has been increasing concern about environmental damage. Many theories hold that economic development has caused great damage to the environment, while environmental protection will also make economic development stagnate. Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) puts forward an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic development level and environmental degradation, that is, when economic development reaches a certain degree, continuous growth can improve the environment quality. In this paper, a reduced-form VAR model is used to analyze the EKC relationship about three major coastal developed cities in China: Shanghai, Tianjin, and Shenzhen. Industrial wastewater discharge and sulfur dioxide emissions are used to reflect environmental indicators. Through analysis, it is found that the industrial wastewater index of Shanghai and the SO2 emission index of Tianjin both conform to the inverted U-shaped relationship of EKC curve, and the reaction of industrial wastewater to the industrial electricity consumption of Shenzhen and the reflection of SO₂ to GDP also conform to this relationship.

Liu, P., 2020. Marine ecological construction and economic coordination in Beibu Gulf City Cluster of China. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 19–26. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper selects eight cities to analyze the coordinated relationship between economic development and the marine environment in Beibu Gulf through the coupling analysis method, evaluates the coordinated development level of Beibu Gulf region, and proposes corresponding policies and paths for the coordinated development of marine economy and marine environment in this region. It is found that the score coefficient of Nanning's coupling coordination degree is the highest, which means its coordination degree between the ecological environment and economy is the best among 8 cities. Industrial restructuring, government management and awareness raising are important sustainable development paths.

Zhou, H.; Li, N.; Zhu, X., and Mao, X., 2020. Coastal environmental policy, coastal aggregate pollution level and coastal industrial competitiveness. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 27–33. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Coastal pollution is an undesirable output of cross-border trade. This paper demonstrates coastal aggregate pollution levels as unilateral and multilateral environmental tax changes in differentiated sectors under the assumption of heterogeneity in productivity and monopolistic competition in an open economic circumstance. Coastal economies will accelerate as a result of trade, but pollution levels are also expected to rise. This paper finds that when the government's environmental policy is biased towards unilateral financial sanctions, the environmental pollution will increase, while multilateral financial sanctions will reduce the environmental pollution. In this paper, the emphasis on coastal areas and marine economy is added to the setting of the model, and it is believed that industrial pollution control can be realized by enhancing industrial competitiveness in coastal environmental governance. This paper applies this conclusion to the pollution control of ports in Jiangsu Province, and puts forward feasible environmental policy suggestions in the near future development of port and marine economy.

Huang, J.; Han, X., and Peng, Y., 2020. Research on the promotion performance of optical film in marine lidar system. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 34–38. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The optical film is a really important and the most vulnerable link in the marine lidar system. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the damage mechanism of the optical lidar in the marine lidar and how to improve the damage threshold of the marine lidar. This article first comprehensively analyzes the interaction between lidar and thin film materials from micro and macro aspects, as well as the destruction mechanism of optical thin film lidar, and combines the experimental data given in the literature to systematically introduce the optical properties of lidar thin films. The factors influencing the damage threshold of marine film lidar are discussed from two aspects of marine lidar and thin film, and suggestions on how to improve the damage threshold of optical thin film marine lidar.

Li, Z.; Li, A.; Dai, X.-Z., and Dai, J., 2020. Impact of public participation on coastal pollution emissions under the growth of personal income. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 39–44. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The relationship between public participation, coastal economy and coastal environmental pollution are analyzed in this paper. First, this paper takes public environmental petitions as an estimated variable, the influence of economic factors and environmental factors on it is discussed. Secondly, we also analyzed whether the degree of public participation can effectively reduce the scale of pollution emissions by taking local sulfur dioxide and industrial soot emissions as explained variables. This paper uses Poisson regression and Zero-Inflated Poisson Regression to explore the influence of each explanatory variable on the environmental public participation. The empirical results show that economic development will stimulate the demand for environment when personal income and wealth are improved. Local investment in coastal environmental construction will guarantee or improve the coastal environmental quality, which will not only reduce people's attention to environmental problems, but also reduce the scale of coastal environmental pollution emissions. Secondly, with the increase of public participation, the public's demand for environmental improvement will bring pressure to government departments, thus stimulating economic activities to prevent and control pollution.

Xie, T.; Liu, J.; Wang, H., and Zhang, F., 2020. Management strategy of coastal soil and water resources along the Yellow River under the climate change background. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 45–50. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The soil erosion along the Yellow River is serious, which is mainly caused by human activities and the lack of soil and water conservation measures. This leads to a large amount of sediment flowing into the Yellow River and eventually into the ocean, resulting in water pollution and ecological imbalance. This paper analyzed the impact of climate warming on coastal soil and water loss, and include rainfall, wind energy, temperature, vegetation and surface slope as basic factors in the InVEST model. Climate warming factors are also explored to get the impact factors of soil and water loss. In addition, this paper puts forward some measures from environmental economic aspect to deal with the experience of the three Gorges reservoir for Shannxi Province. This paper come up with targeted soil erosion control strategies, hoping to improve the current situation of soil erosion through scientific planning in river coast area, powerful law enforcement and R&D investment.

Wang, Q.; Yu, X., and Zhang, C., 2020. The analysis and prediction of China's gross ocean product in coastal areas---based on the ARMA model. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 51–56. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the 21^st century, more and more countries attach importance to the marine economy, and even many countries regard the development of the marine economy as a national key strategy. The marine economic development in China's coastal areas has been developing rapidly since the 1990s, but at the same time, the government needs to pay attention to the current transformation of the marine economic structure and the lack of new growth points. In this paper, the ARMA model is used to carry out regression analysis on China's total Gross Ocean Product (GOP) from 2001 to 2016 and forecast the value from 2020 to 2022.

Wang, J. and Peng, C., 2020. Factors influencing university students' coastal ecology and environmental-friendly entrepreneurship in coastal universities. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 57–64. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The relationship between personal previous experience and willingness to start a environmental-friendly business in coastal areas is not significant (r = 0.069, p>0.05). There are significant positive correlations between regulatory system and coastal environmental-friendly protection entrepreneurial intention (r = 0.315, P < 0.01), normative system and coastal environmental-friendly entrepreneurial intention (r = 0.282, P<0.01), and cognitive system and coastal environmental-friendly entrepreneurial intention (r = 0.273, P < 0.01). Botstrap method is used to test the mediating effect in this study. The mediating effect of coastal environmental-friendly entrepreneurial self-efficacy is not significant. Measures such as policy support and awareness education should be effective to promote student's green behavior and entrepreneurship.

Wang, Y.; Cao, Y., and Li, W., 2020. Legal regulation of pollution from marine vessels in China: Management from the perspective of seafarers. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 65–72. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The interviewees in this survey include full-time seafarers which are the main objectives. First of all, we found that the longer the voyage lasted, the more the crew had a deeper understanding of environmental pollution. With the improvement of income level, the evaluation standard for water quality of crew shed weight became higher. In this survey, the environmental performance of young seafarers is obviously low. In addition, the frequency of ship pollution in the transfer of pollutants and port docking is particularly prominent, which is rarely paid attention to in the past literature. Based On the findings of this paper, we believe that pollution prevention education, marine legal construction and multilevel supervision and on-site Law enforcement supervision are effective countermeasures to improve marine pollution prevention and control. In addition, this paper also believes that it is more appropriate for the government and enterprises to jointly undertake the funding for the technical upgrading of anti-pollution equipment on ships.

Bai, Y. and Zhao, M., 2020. Synergetic development of industrial economy and wastewater in the Greater Bay Area around Hangzhou Bay. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 73–78. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of the industrial economy on the seawater environment in the Greater Bay area around Hangzhou Bay. The industrial wastewater discharge amount is the measure variable of the seawater environment, and the output value of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries is the measure variable of the industrial economy. According to the results of regression analysis, the output value of the secondary industry has a significant positive impact on the industrial wastewater discharge amount, the output value of the tertiary industry has a significant negative impact on the industrial wastewater discharge amount, and the output value of the primary industry has no significant impact. According to the hypothesis test results, the industrial wastewater discharge amount and the output value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in the Greater Bay Area around Hangzhou Bay may have regional heterogeneity in different cities, but they can also have regional homogeneity, and the impact of the output value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries on the industrial wastewater discharge amount has regional heterogeneity.

Yang, D.; Geng, H., and Wang, F., 2020. Marine regulations' impact on environmental sustainability in maritime shipping and coastal economic activities. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 79–84. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The impacts of legal regulations on China's marine economic activities are discussed in this paper, and analyzed the external variables related to the development of marine industries in 25 provinces and regions through the China Marine Statistics Yearbook from 2010 to 2017. The empirical results show that population size and per capita output value have a significant positive impact on the gross tonnage of ships and the number of berths at ports. Legal regulations have negative impacts on the cost of production activities, and then affect the scale of port sea transport and freight.

Hu, S.; Wang, J.; Zhao, Y.; Qin, Y.; Chen L.; Liu W., and Liu, Y., 2020. An unconventional method for well-seismic integrated cycle correlation and sedimentary evolution of fluvial reservoir. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 85–92. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Focusing on the difficulties of fluvial sedimentary stratigraphic correlation and sedimentary evolution study in a complex fault-block area, taking the meandering sedimentation of Neogene Ming2 (Nm2) oil group of block 1 of Gangxi oilfield as an anatomical object, by applying well-seismic integration based on the comprehensive analysis of geological, coring, well-logging and seismic data in the oilfield development area, this paper establishes the correlation profiles and accurate stratigraphic frameworks of cyclic stratigraphic division in the study area, and divides Nm2 oil group into 3 mid-term base level cycles (MSC1, MSC2 and MSC3) and 22 short-term base level cycles (corresponding to 22 subzone). The plane sedimentary microfacies distribution of every single layer is characterized based on the study of single-well sedimentary microfacies; meanwhile, the vertical evolutionary patterns of meandering channel sandbody in the study area is established, that is, along with the rise and fall of the base level cycle, it is the increase and decrease in A/S cyclic change that controls the lateral distribution characteristics and vertical overlap pattern of channel sands. Acuurate cycle stratigraphic analysis and sedimentary microfacies study provide the geological basis for oilfield management in the middle and late stage of oilfield development.

Pei, R., 2020. Effectiveness evaluation of marine fishery ecological sustainable policy based on comparative study. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 93–99. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the current Chinese government's advocacy of sustainable marine fisheries, a series of studies have emerged on the efficiency of China's fishery policy. This paper studied latest measurement indexes and discuss them by comparative method. At present, the three latest pieces of research mainly discuss sustainable measures from three perspectives of economy, ecology, and economic ecological coordination and formed a preliminary evaluation system. These three studies are respectively Sun, Wang, and Su (2020), Han et al. (2020), Ji, Guo, and Zhang (2020). After a comparative study, the deficiencies of previous research are proposed and this work gives the suggestions based on the theoretical framework of social-ecosystem proposed by Ostrom (2009) and the three-dimension theory of "exposure -- sensitivity -- coping capacity" proposed by Polsky, Neff, and Yarnal (2007).

Jiang, Z.; Wang, J., and Cao, D., 2020. Research on densification mechanism of hot isostatic pressing technology in nickel-based superalloys for marine environment. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 100–104. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Nickel-base superalloy is one of the major materials employed in the manufacturing process of air valve and exhaust system of diesel engine, turbine disk and blade of gas turbine and nuclear power units. The rapid development of modern marine industry is inseparable from the rapid improvement of comprehensive properties of superalloy. In this process, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technology has been playing a significant role in the application of Nickel-base superalloy. In this paper, the research and application of HIP technology in the field of Nickel-base superalloy are herein summarized, and concluding the effect of HIP technology on densification mechanism and properties of cast superalloy.

Pan, Z. and Huang, W., 2020. The influencing factors of Cross-Taiwan-Straits direct shipping. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 105–109. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper aims to study the long-term relationships among Cross-Taiwan-Straits direct shipping passengers and cargo and their socio-economic performances. According to the methods of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression equation, and hypothesis verification. The empirical results are: Cross-Taiwan-Straits direct shipping passenger and cargo have increased significantly from 2004 to 2019; The significant influencing factors of Cross-Taiwan-Straits direct shipping are the nominal GDP of China and Taiwan and the economic growth rate of China; Cross-Taiwan-Straits direct shipping should be with regional heterogeneity. The suggestions of this paper are: The stable Cross-Taiwan-Straits political environment should be an essential issue on Cross-Taiwan-Straits direct shipping policies; Cross-Taiwan-Straits direct shipping is an important economic issue of China and Taiwan; Cross-Taiwan-Straits direct shipping should be important in the efficiency improvement policies which could solve the economic problems of COVID-19, trade disputes between China and the United States, population aging, and financial risks; Cross-Taiwan-Straits direct shipping should consider CTS' industrial cooperation.

Xu, M.; Chen, M.; Li, Y., and Jiang, Y., 2020. Analysis of water resources carrying capacity of coastal cities along the Yangtze River based on PSR model. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 110–113. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The coastal cities along the Yangtze River are relatively rich in water resources but the economy is developed, therefore the contradiction between economic society and water resources still exists. According to the characteristics of coastal cities along the Yangtze River, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for water resources carrying capacity based on the Pressure-State-Response(PSR) framework. Based on typical examples of Nantong City's 2010-2018 relevant index data, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model and with the help of YAAHP software, the following conclusions are obtained: 1) There are pressure state response mechanisms in each element of the water resources carrying capacity system of coastal cities along the Yangtze River. The key to the operation of the system is the limit of water resources carrying capacity. 2) Domestic water demand has the greatest impact on water resources carrying capacity. Domestic water demand has the greatest impact on the carrying capacity of water resources, but in the allocation of water resources, it is important to optimize the production water use of the industrial economy and provide sufficient funds to guarantee.3) During the period of 2010-2018 in Nantong City, with the development of industrial economy, the discharge of industrial wastewater was significantly reduced. Moreover, the investment in the treatment of industrial pollution, especially industrial waste water pollution, has been significantly increased, and the carrying capacity of water resources has been constantly optimized.

Wu, S.; Zhou, Y., and Yan, W., 2020. Coastal service industry, industrial structure optimization and environmental governance: An empirical analysis based on Chinese coastal cities. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 114–120. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper analyzes the relationship between industrial structure transformation and pollutant emission changes in 86 cities in coastal areas of China from 2013 to 2017 and proves whether the optimization of the industrial structure of the service sector can play a positive role in restraining environmental pollution. The empirical results show that when the industrial structure or economic activity structure of the city changes towards the service industry, the pollution of the whole city will be restrained and the environmental quality will be improved. It is believed that the optimization of service structure can restrain the scale of pollution, mainly because the optimization of the service industry reflects the positive effect of industrial agglomeration on environmental quality and environmental quality. The optimization of the service industry can promote the technological progress and diffusion of industrial economic activities through the agglomeration of industry, and provide the possibility for the concentration of environmental protection production technology and pollution treatment facilities. Besides, the optimization of the service industry can produce knowledge spillover between enterprises through cooperative agglomeration and improve the current situation of environmental pollution by improving the effect of technological innovation level of enterprises.

Ai, W.; Zhang, H.; Zhu, P., and Chi, H., 2020. A study on safe ship navigation in curved bridge channel. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 121–125. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Accidents often occur in curved channels due to the complex currents condition. In order to reduce accidents, the present study investigated safe ship navigation in curved channels, and factors affecting ship navigations in these areas. Mathematic models and simulation were used to estimate ship passing capacity, the minimum distance between bridge pier surface and channel edge. Results showed that ship passing capacity and the minimum distance between bridge-pier surface and channel edge are two key factors for ship safety navigation in these water areas.

Li, Q.; Xu, J., and Zhu, Z.-W., 2020. Research on nonlinear dynamic analysis of the cause of coastal red tide. In: Wan, Z.(ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 127–132. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Red tide is one of the three major coastal pollution problems in the world, and it is an ecological problem caused by invasive species of algae. This paper mainly studies the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of red tide and studies the influence of the external random excitation on the system. Numerical results show that the external random excitation plays an important role in the red tide bursting. At last, numerical results show that the global fast terminal sliding mode control has a very good control effect on suppressing the outbreak of the red tide.

Wang, P. and Zhang, Q., 2020. Marine shipping performance evaluation of 34 coastal ports in China under the One Belt and One Road initiative. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 132–138. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of economy, China has also encountered new obstacles. Since 2013, China has promoted the One Belt and One Road initiative to carry out a new round of economic and trade strategies. What is the impact of the Belt and Road initiative on maritime shipping? Based on the statistical data of 34 major ports in China from 2010 to 2017, this paper analyzes the impact of One Belt and One Road promotion on the number of active ships at sea, gross tonnage of ships at sea, the operation situation, and the tourism situation in coastal areas. The empirical results show that the promotion of One Belt and One Road has a positive impact on the shipping industry of China's coastal ports, which shows that the overall marine industrial scale will increase due to the promotion of One Belt and One Road.

Yue, L.; Wang, Q.; Wang, W.; Wang, Y., and Lv, J., 2020. Numerical simulation analysis of the characteristics of torpedo anchor penetration in cohesive soil. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 139–144. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Invented by Petrobras in 1996, the torpedo anchor has been successfully applied in Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) in the Gulf of Mexico (Medeiros, 2002). With a torpedo-like hydrodynamic shape, the torpedo anchor obtains the kinetic energy required for penetration by free-falling through the water. It then uses that energy to penetrate into the seabed, thereby completing its installation. This paper discusses the large deformation finite element method and the CEL method, which are used to calculate the torpedo anchor penetration in a cohesive-soil seabed. The characteristics of the soil and the anchor at different moments during the torpedo anchor penetration are analyzed based on simulation results.

Li, X. and Feng, J., 2020. Fuzzy evaluation of coastal finance and ecological protection: Input-output of industrial products and the profit of manufacturers. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 145–151. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

For the analysis of the effect of the above, the paper built an oligopolistic model in open economic system to explore the influence of coastal manufacturers' industrial concentration, the proportion of environmental pollution products exported, the import ratio, foreign manufacturers and the import tariff of environmental pollution products on coastal manufacturers' profit rate and the environment in the domestic market. The problems in the development of China's marine industry in terms of the industrial competition and the marine freight and financial services derived from it are discussed. This paper believe that it is necessary to evaluate high-end marine industries, such as marine equipment manufacturing, and other forward-looking industries, and give priority to financial credit to promote industrial development.

Zheng, W., 2020. Ecological development strategy of coastal sport projects of Jiangsu Province. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 152–158. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Jiangsu is located in the Yangtze River Delta and many cities represented by Lianyungang and Yangzhou have coastal resources. Therefore, the coastal area of Jiangsu has unique ecological environment conditions, and its future development potential is huge. In order to promote a sustainable future, through the investigation of the ecological development of coastal sports, this paper finds that the current environmental protection status of coastal sports tourism is not optimistic by means of questionnaire survey and expert interview. This is mainly reflected in the low environmental awareness of employees and tourists, and the insufficient environmental protection of facilities in sports. Using PEST model, it can be found that ecological sports projects in Jiangsu coastal area need to be promoted at the administration level, with emphasis on increasing investment in technological innovation and environmental protection training.

Liu, Y.; Zhu, Z.-W.; Liu, F., and Xu, J., 2020. Research on cracking mechanism of coastal bridges' piers scoured by sea wave. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 159–166. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In this paper, the nonlinear dynamics of cracked coastal bridges' cylindrical piers impacted by sea waves are studied. The constitutive model of the materials is proposed where the nonlinearity of the cement's stiffness is considered. The dynamic characteristics of the system subjected to harmonic excitation are analyzed, and the effect of the system's parameters to the stability is discussed. Moreover, the stochastic dynamic responses of the system subjected to random excitation are obtained. The theoretical and numerical results show that there is random Hopf bifurcation occurs in the system, which causes the system's motion switch between the slight oscillation and large-amplitude vibration.

Hao, Y.; Huang, W., and Qin, C., 2020. The integration planning of marine economy and environment: Take China as an example. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 167–173. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The purpose of this paper is to take China as an example to study the integrated planning approach on marine economy and environment and their empirical results. According to the results of experts' interviews and literature review, the integration planning approach of marine economy and environment have been discussed based on the impact of marine environment and disasters on the marine economy, as well as the impact of marine economy and disasters on the marine environment. Besides, an empirical study that takes China as an example has also to be included. According to the results of partial least squares regression, Chinese marine economy has significantly positive interactive effects on the marine environment, and Chinese marine disasters have significantly negative impacts on both marine economy and marine environment. According to the results of experts' interviews and literature review, this paper provides several suggestions about marine economy and environment, as the establishment of their policy management system used for the monitoring, evaluation, integration planning on the marine economy and environment information; the improvement of their laws and regulations system; the development and promotion of their financial instruments; the development and achievement transformation of their science and technology; the promotion of their education and training system; and their regional planning policies.

Du, Z.; Zhu, X., and Shan W., 2020. External diseconomy theory and environmental management: Optimal taxation model in china marine management. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 174–180. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The pollution of coastal production activities and marine related industries is very serious, which is an economic externality. Externality theory is the theoretical basis of environmental economics. On the one hand, the externality theory reveals the root causes of some inefficient resource allocation in market economic activities; on the other hand, it provides alternative ideas for how to solve the problem of external environmental diseconomy. Marine environmental pollution is a typical external diseconomic phenomenon, which is manifested as the decline of living quality of surrounding residents, the increase of disease incidence, the decline of seafood production and quality, the impact of aquatic life death on fishery income, the increase of sewage treatment costs, the acceleration of equipment depreciation, and the decrease of tourism income. Based on the theory of externality, this paper applies the theory of externality in marine environmental management in China and discusses the improvement measures of the integrated management of marine environment in China.

Ai, W. and Zhu, P., 2020. Navigation ship's drift angle determination method in curved channel. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 181–184. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Ship's drift angle is closely related to ship's navigation safety and channel's dimension design in curved channel. It is important to study ship's drift angle in order to ensure ship's safety when passing curved channel. In this paper, ship's navigation drift angle in curved channel is researched. The results of research show that ship's navigation drift angle is closely related to channel's radius, water depth, curved channel's longitudinal current velocity, ship's draft and ship's speed. The drift angle calculation equation is also put forward in this paper.

Wang, T.; Li, X.-H., and Zhu, Z.-W., 2020. Nonlinear dynamics and fragmentation mechanism of coastal rocks impacted by ocean waves. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 185–190. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

A variable cross-section cantilever beam is established to describe coastal rocks. A new differential term is developed to interpret the rock's stress-strain curves. Ocean waves are treated as stochastic incentives. The dynamic model of the beam is built up, and its nonlinear dynamic characteristics is obtained. The results show that the large periodic vibrations will cause fragmentation of coastal rocks. These results will be available for the fragmentation mechanism of coastal rocks impacted by ocean waves.

Jiang, Z.; Wang, J., and Cao, D., 2020. Research on fatigue mechanical properties of Austenitic stainless steel for marine environment. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 191–196. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Austenitic stainless steel is widely used in the marine environment because of its good strength, corrosion resistance, and weldability. However, the environment in the ocean is extremely complex and changeable, and the equipment may bear the combined action of static loads such as axial force, internal and external pressure, bending moment, and extreme temperature conditions. At the same time, it also bears the action of dynamic loads such as alternating external pressure, wave force, current force, which easily leads to fatigue damage of components. This study introduced the deformation behavior of austenitic stainless steel for the marine environment. In addition, the effects of oxidation damage and creep damage during fatigue deformation are summarized, and the dynamic strain aging effect in the process of fatigue deformation is described. It is very important to study fatigue behavior in a complex service environment.

Zheng, C.; Zhang, Y., and Chen, K., 2020. Corporate innovation and capacity utilization in China's coastal areas: Governance under the context of environmental regulation. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 197–205. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Previous empirical analysis of scholars found that environmental regulation has a significant impact on overcapacity and industrial structure adjustment, higher environmental regulation will increase overcapacity, while moderate environmental regulation will optimize industrial structure. Moreover, in the industrial enterprises above the scale, the industrial structure has an intermediary effect between environmental regulation and overcapacity. This paper studies corporate innovation and capacity utilization under the background of environmental regulation. Taking publicly listed firms in China's coastal provinces from 1990 to 2017 as our sample, the corporate innovation under environmental regulation has been significantly enhanced， and hence alleviates overcapacity in China. This means that environmental regulation promotes the formation of a virtuous circle. To firms with high-quality innovation, the positive effect is more pronounced. Moreover, to firms with bad internal governance, specifically to firms with high agency cost, the capacity utilization is low, which means serious waste of resources and environment. Meanwhile, external governance from the stock market, specifically analyst coverage and institutional ownership, fails to intensify the positive effect of corporate innovation on capacity utilization.

Liu, M. and Zhang, L., 2020. Research on concrete durability and protection technology in marine environment. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 206–209. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Concrete structure is a widely used structural form. However, concrete has serious durability problems due to the characteristics of the structure and environment in which it is utilized. The corrosion of sulfate and chloride is explained from the perspective of the marine environment. The factors affecting the durability of concrete structures are discussed, and preventive measures are proposed.

Lo, C.-C.; Liu, H., and Geng, X., 2020. Cross-Boundary governance research of coastal rivers in Taiwan: Case study of the Nanshih River. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 210–215. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As a typical coastal city, Taiwan is made up of numerous river basins that can deeply affect the sustainable development of the whole coast. Taiwan's Nanshih River Basin is located in the Taipei Water Source Domain and governmented by different authorities. However, since the related departments lack interaction, the performance of governance is not satisfactory. In order to manage and sustainably use the Nanshih River Basin and protect local precious resources, it must focus on overall basin governance. This study is based on a basic question regarding the cross-boundary governance of the Nanshih River Basin: What is cross-boundary governance? It includes separated duties of basin authorities and conflicts among the regulations; limitations of land use and development; protection of residents' rights; water source and ecological environment issues caused by hot spring tourism; lack of base flow to downstream rivers of the Nanshih River.

Cai, L. and Wang, C., 2020. Spatial and temporal evolution of energy efficiency in coastal areas of China based on super efficiency DEA model. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 216–222. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper takes the unexpected output into the input-output index system, applies super efficiency DEA to calculate the total factor energy efficiency of 11 coastal provinces in China from 2008 to 2018. Based on the measurement and analysis of industrial structure advanced degree and industrial structure rationality degree of each province, this paper analyzes coupling coordination relationship between energy efficiency and spatial characteristics of industrial structure of the 11 provinces in China's coastal areas in 2018 with the coupling coordination degree model, and then relevant suggestions are put forward according to the calculation results. The results show that: (1) in terms of time series, the overall energy efficiency of the provinces and cities in China's coastal areas shows a slow downward trend, but the overall gap is widening. Among them, Shanghai and Guangdong have always been at a higher level of energy efficiency. (2) as for spatial differentiation, the energy efficiency of China's coastal areas is basically north-south symmetrical pattern, which to a certain extent shows that the energy utilization efficiency of each province or city is consistent with regional economic strength.

Chen, H. and Chen, M., 2020. Analysis of the coupling mechanism between economic system and water resource system in Jiangsu coastal area. In: Wan, Z. (ed.), Coordinated Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas: Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 109, pp. 223–227. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The research on the coupling relationship between economic systems and water resources systems has always been a hot topic in the academic field. Due to the characteristics of its own economy and water resources environment, it is particularly necessary to study the coupling mechanism between the economic system and the water resources system in coastal areas. Based on the coupling system perspective, this paper constructs the coupling mechanism model of the economic system and the water resources system. On this basis, the author obtains the following conclusions through the research on Jiangsu coastal areas: (1) There is a complex coupling mechanism between the economic system and the water resources system. When the operation of the two systems conflicts, the water resources system will send a response signal to the economic system. (2) The coupling state between the economic system and the water resource system in Jiangsu coastal area showed a better coordinated situation from 2000 to 2011. From 2012 to 2014, the coupling between the economic system and the water resources system weakened and was in a state of basic coordination. Therefore, the industrial structure of this region needs to be adjusted and the resource-friendly economic model needs to be established.